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Shloka 10

षट्चत्वारिंशः सर्गः

Ravana Deploys Five Generals; Hanuman Destroys the Commanders and the Remaining Host

दृष्टा हि हरयः पूर्वं मया विपुलविक्रमाः।वाली च सहसुग्रीवो जाम्बवांश्च महाबलः।।।।नीलस्सेनापतिश्चैव ये चान्ये द्विविदादयः।नैवं तेषां गतिर्भीमा न तेजो न पराक्रमः।।।।न मतिर्न बलोत्साहौ न रूपपरिकल्पनम्।

dṛṣṭā hi harayaḥ pūrvaṃ mayā vipulavikramāḥ |

vālī ca saha sugrīvo jāmbavāṃś ca mahābalaḥ ||

nīlaḥ senāpatiś caiva ye cānye dvividādayaḥ |

naivaṃ teṣāṃ gatir bhīmā na tejo na parākramaḥ ||

na matir na balotsāhau na rūpaparikalpanam |

നിശ്ചയമായും, ഞാൻ മുമ്പ് അത്യന്തം പരാക്രമശാലികളായ വാനരന്മാരെ കണ്ടിട്ടുണ്ട്—സുഗ്രീവനോടുകൂടെ വാലി, മഹാബലനായ ജാംബവാൻ, സേനാപതി നീലൻ, ദ്വിവിദാദികളായ മറ്റു പലരും. എങ്കിലും അവർക്കൊന്നിനും ഇത്തരമൊരു ഭയങ്കര ഗതിയുമില്ല, ഇത്തരമൊരു തേജസ്സോ പരാക്രമമോ ഇല്ല; ഇത്തരമൊരു ബുദ്ധിയും ബലോത്സാഹവും, ഇച്ഛാനുസാരം രൂപം ധരിക്കുന്ന ശക്തിയും ഇല്ല.

दृष्टाःseen
दृष्टाः:
कर्म (of implied ‘seen’); विशेषण-भावेन हरयः प्रति
TypeVerb
Root√दृश् (धातु) → दृष्ट (कृदन्त-भूतकर्मणि/क्त)
Formकृदन्तः (क्त-प्रत्ययान्तः), कर्मणि प्रयोगः; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गः (हरयः इत्यस्य विशेषणवत्) | Past passive participle, nominative plural masculine
हिindeed
हि:
सम्बन्ध/निपात
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formनिपातः (emphatic/causal particle)
हरयःmonkeys
हरयः:
कर्ता (of implied ‘were seen/are known’)
TypeNoun
Rootहरि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; बहुवचनम् | masculine nominative plural
पूर्वम्earlier/before
पूर्वम्:
अधिकरण (कालाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकालवाचक-अव्ययम् (adverb of time)
मयाby me
मया:
करण (agent-instrument in passive sense)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; तृतीया-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् | instrumental singular (by me)
विपुलविक्रमाःof immense prowess
विपुलविक्रमाः:
विशेषण (हरयः)
TypeAdjective
Rootविपुल + विक्रम (प्रातिपदिके)
Formकर्मधारय-समासः (विपुलः विक्रमः यस्य/येषाम्); पुंलिङ्गः; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; बहुवचनम् | masculine nominative plural
वालीVali
वाली:
कर्ता (enumerated subject)
TypeNoun
Rootवालिन्/वालि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् | masculine nominative singular
and
:
सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम् (conjunction)
सहसुग्रीवःtogether with Sugriva
सहसुग्रीवः:
विशेषण (वाली)
TypeAdjective
Rootसह (अव्यय) + सुग्रीव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाव-समासः (सह सुग्रीवेण); पुंलिङ्गः; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् | masculine nominative singular (describing Vālī)
जाम्बवान्Jāmbavān
जाम्बवान्:
कर्ता (enumerated subject)
TypeNoun
Rootजाम्बवत्/जाम्बवान् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् | masculine nominative singular
and
:
सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम् (conjunction)
महाबलःmighty/very strong
महाबलः:
विशेषण (जाम्बवान्)
TypeAdjective
Rootमहा + बल (प्रातिपदिके)
Formकर्मधारय-समासः (महद् बलम् यस्य); पुंलिङ्गः; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् | masculine nominative singular (describing Jāmbavān)
नीलःNīla
नीलः:
कर्ता (enumerated subject)
TypeNoun
Rootनील (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् | masculine nominative singular
सेनापतिःarmy-chief
सेनापतिः:
कर्ता (apposition to Nīla)
TypeNoun
Rootसेना + पति (प्रातिपदिके)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (सेनायाः पतिः); पुंलिङ्गः; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् | masculine nominative singular
and
:
सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम् (conjunction)
एवindeed/also
एव:
सम्बन्ध/निपात
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक-अव्ययम् (particle of emphasis)
येthose who
ये:
कर्ता (relative: those who)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्गः; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; बहुवचनम् | relative pronoun, masculine nominative plural
and
:
सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम् (conjunction)
अन्येothers
अन्ये:
कर्ता (additional subjects)
TypeNoun
Rootअन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; बहुवचनम् | masculine nominative plural
द्विविदादयःDvivida and the rest
द्विविदादयः:
कर्ता (apposition to ‘anye’)
TypeNoun
Rootद्विविद + आदि (प्रातिपदिके)
Formतत्पुरुषः (द्विविदः आदिः येषाम् → द्विविदादयः); पुंलिङ्गः; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; बहुवचनम् | masculine nominative plural
not
:
सम्बन्ध/निषेध
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्ययम् (negation)
एवम्thus/in this way
एवम्:
अधिकरण (प्रकाराधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम् (अव्यय)
Formप्रकारवाचक-अव्ययम् (adverb: thus/in this way)
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
सम्बन्ध (possessor/relational)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; षष्ठी-विभक्तिः; बहुवचनम् | genitive plural
गतिःmovement/speed
गतिः:
कर्ता/विषय (of implied ‘is’)
TypeNoun
Rootगति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गः; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् | feminine nominative singular
भीमाterrible/tremendous
भीमा:
विशेषण (गतिः)
TypeAdjective
Rootभीम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गः; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् | feminine nominative singular (agreeing with ‘gatiḥ’)
not
:
सम्बन्ध/निषेध
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्ययम् (negation)
तेजःsplendour/energy
तेजः:
कर्ता/विषय (of implied ‘is’)
TypeNoun
Rootतेजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गः; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् | neuter nominative singular
not
:
सम्बन्ध/निषेध
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्ययम् (negation)
पराक्रमःvalour/prowess
पराक्रमः:
कर्ता/विषय (of implied ‘is’)
TypeNoun
Rootपराक्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् | masculine nominative singular
not
:
सम्बन्ध/निषेध
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्ययम् (negation)
मतिःintellect
मतिः:
कर्ता/विषय (of implied ‘is’)
TypeNoun
Rootमति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गः; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् | feminine nominative singular
not
:
सम्बन्ध/निषेध
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्ययम् (negation)
बलोत्साहौstrength and energy
बलोत्साहौ:
कर्ता/विषय (of implied ‘are’)
TypeNoun
Rootबल + उत्साह (प्रातिपदिके)
Formद्वन्द्व-समासः (बलं च उत्साहश्च); पुंलिङ्गः; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; द्विवचनम् | masculine nominative dual
not
:
सम्बन्ध/निषेध
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्ययम् (negation)
रूपपरिकल्पनम्ability to assume forms (shape-changing)
रूपपरिकल्पनम्:
कर्ता/विषय (of implied ‘is’)
TypeNoun
Rootरूप + परिकल्पन (प्रातिपदिके)
Formतत्पुरुष-समासः (रूपस्य परिकल्पनम्); नपुंसकलिङ्गः; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् | neuter nominative singular

"Earlier I have seen monkeys of immense prowess, like Vali and Sugriva as well as Jambavan, the bear. Also I have seen the army general, Nila, Dvivida and others. They do not have such tremendous splendour or movement valour, intellect and strength and energy. They did not have such ability to change form at their will.

R
Rāvaṇa
V
Vālī
S
Sugrīva
J
Jāmbavān
N
Nīla
D
Dvivida

FAQs

Truthful appraisal of reality: even an antagonist must acknowledge genuine merit; clear-eyed evaluation is necessary for responsible action.

Rāvaṇa reflects on renowned Vānara heroes he has known and concludes Hanumān’s abilities surpass them in key respects.

Discernment (viveka) in leadership: recognizing the opponent’s strengths rather than underestimating them.