Shloka 13

हनूमत्सीतासंवादः

Hanuman’s Offer of Rescue and Sita’s Dharmic Refusal

Devanagari script

उत्साहः पौरुषं सत्त्वमानृशंस्यं कृतज्ञता।विक्रमश्च प्रभावश्च सन्ति वानर राघवे।।।।

Transliteration

utsāhaḥ pauruṣaṃ sattvam anṛśaṃsyaṃ kṛtajñatā |

vikramaś ca prabhāvaś ca santi vānara rāghave ||

Translation

ഹേ വാനരാ, രാഘവനിൽ ഉത്സാഹം, പൗരുഷം, സത്ത്വം, അനൃശംസ്യം (കരുണ), കൃതജ്ഞത, വിക്രമം, പ്രഭാവം—ഇവയെല്ലാം നിലകൊള്ളുന്നു.

Word by Word

• utsāhaḥ: enthusiasm; perseverance
• utsāhaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: utsāha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; member of a list, subject with santi

• pauruṣam: manliness; valor
• pauruṣam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pauruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; member of a list, subject with santi

• sattvam: courage; strength of character
• sattvam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sattva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; member of a list, subject with santi

• ānṛśaṃsyam: kindness; non-cruelty
• ānṛśaṃsyam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: a- (नञ्) + nṛśaṃsya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; member of a list, subject with santi

• kṛtajñatā: gratitude
• kṛtajñatā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kṛta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) + jña (प्रातिपदिक) + -tā (तद्धित/भाव)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; abstract noun 'gratitude'

• vikramaḥ: prowess; heroism
• vikramaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vikrama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; member of a list, subject with santi

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय

• prabhāvaḥ: power; influence
• prabhāvaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prabhāva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; member of a list, subject with santi

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय

• santi: are
• santi: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √as (धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• vānara: O vanara
• vānara: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• rāghave: in Raghava (Rama)
• rāghave: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; locus/possessor: 'in Rāghava'

Context

"O vanara! Rama is endowed with perseverance, manliness, prowess, kindness, gratitude, competence and power.

Characters & Entities

• Sītā
• Hanumān
• Rāma (Rāghava)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is embodied as a constellation of virtues—courage tempered by compassion and strengthened by gratitude and self-mastery.

What is the narrative situation?

Sītā describes Rāma’s qualities to Hanumān to affirm that Rāma will act righteously and effectively.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Anṛśaṃsya (non-cruel compassion) alongside vikrama (heroic valor), showing power governed by ethics.