Shloka 13

रामलक्षणवर्णनम्

Description of Rama and Lakshmana; Alliance Narrative to Sita

Devanagari script

राजविद्याविनीतश्च ब्राह्मणानामुपासिता।श्रुतवान्शीलसम्पन्नो विनीतश्च परन्तपः।।।।

Transliteration

rāja-vidyā-vinītaś ca brāhmaṇānām upāsitā | śrutavān śīla-sampanno vinītaś ca parantapaḥ ||

Translation

അവൻ രാജവിദ്യയിൽ വിനീതനായി പരിശീലിതനും ബ്രാഹ്മണരെ ഉപാസിക്കുന്നവനുമാണ്. ശ്രുതവാനും ശീലസമ്പന്നനും വിനയശീലനും—പരന്തപൻ, ശത്രുനാശകനുമാണ്.

Word by Word

• rāja-vidyā-vinītaḥ: trained in royal/statecraft knowledge
• rāja-vidyā-vinītaḥ: Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: rāja (प्रातिपदिक) + vidyā (प्रातिपदिक) + vinīta (कृदन्त, √nī-नी)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विनीतः = क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle), विशेषण

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• brāhmaṇānām: of the brahmins
• brāhmaṇānām: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: brāhmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन

• upāsitā: one who has served/attended (devotedly)
• upāsitā: Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: upāsita (कृदन्त, उप-√ās-आस्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचन (as adjective to implied masculine subject); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (PPP)

• śrutavān: learned; well-versed (having heard)
• śrutavān: Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śrutavat (प्रातिपदिक; from √śru-श्रु, क्तवत्/वत्-प्रत्यय)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्तवत्-प्रत्ययान्त (possessive of having heard/learned)

• śīla-sampannaḥ: endowed with good conduct
• śīla-sampannaḥ: Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śīla (प्रातिपदिक) + sampanna (कृदन्त, सम्-√pad-पद्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सम्पन्नः = क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (PPP), विशेषण

• vinītaḥ: disciplined
• vinītaḥ: Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vinīta (कृदन्त, vi-√nī-नी)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (PPP)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• parantapaḥ: scorcher of enemies
• parantapaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: parantapa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; परं तपति इति (enemy-scorcher)

Context

"He is well-trained in state-craft. He is devoted to brahmins. Endowed with an excellent conduct, he is learned in scriptures and a scorcher of enemies.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Brāhmaṇas

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma in rulership requires learning, discipline, and reverence for spiritual-ethical authority; power is legitimate when guided by knowledge and character.

What is the narrative situation?

Sītā continues describing Rāma’s qualifications as a righteous ruler and warrior.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s vinaya (discipline/humility) joined with śīla (exemplary conduct).