Shloka 12

सुन्‍दरकाण्डे एकत्रिंशः सर्गः

Hanuman’s Sweet Address to Sita and Sita’s Recognition

Devanagari script

तत स्स वालिनं हत्वा रामः परपुरञ्जयः।।।।प्रायच्छत्कपिराज्यं तत्सुग्रीवाय महाबलः।

Transliteration

tata ssa vālinam hatvā rāmaḥ parapurañjayaḥ |

prāyacchat kapirājyaṃ tat sugrīvāya mahābalaḥ ||

Translation

പിന്നീട് ശത്രുപുരവിജയിയായ മഹാബലവാൻ ശ്രീരാമൻ വാലിയെ വധിച്ച്, വാനരരാജ്യത്തിന്റെ അധികാരം സുഗ്രീവനു സമർപ്പിച്ചു.

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: सम्बन्ध (Discourse connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय

• सः: he
• सः: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग

• वालिनम्: Vali
• वालिनम्: कर्म (Object of hatvā)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वालिन्/वालि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग

• हत्वा: having slain
• हत्वा: क्रियाविशेषण (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √हन् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्यय (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; 'having killed'

• रामः: Rama
• रामः: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग

• पर-पुरम्-जयः: conqueror of enemy cities
• पर-पुरम्-जयः: विशेषण (Qualifier of Rama)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर (प्रातिपदिक) + पुर (प्रातिपदिक) + √जि (धातु)
• Form: प्रथमा, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग; उपपद-तत्पुरुष (परस्य पुरं जयति इति)

• प्रायच्छत्: gave/bestowed
• प्रायच्छत्: क्रिया (Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-√यम् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• कपि-राज्यम्: the monkey-kingdom
• कपि-राज्यम्: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कपि (प्रातिपदिक) + राज्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया, एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग; तत्पुरुष-समास (कपीनां राज्यम्)

• तत्: that
• तत्: कर्म (Object determiner)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया, एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग; कपिराज्यम् इति विशेषण

• सुग्रीवाय: to Sugriva
• सुग्रीवाय: सम्प्रदान (Recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुग्रीव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (Dative/सम्प्रदान), एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग

• महाबलः: mighty
• महाबलः: विशेषण (Qualifier of Rama)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महा (प्रातिपदिक) + बल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग; कर्मधारय-समास (महच्च तत् बलम् यस्य)

Context

"Having received Sugriva's orders thousands of monkeys who can assume any form went searching for that divine queen in all directions.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Vālin
• Sugrīva

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is framed as restoring rightful order: Rāma acts to resolve a contested kingship and stabilize governance through a just transfer of rule.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān summarizes how Rāma helped Sugrīva by defeating Vālin and installing Sugrīva as king.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s commitment to upholding order and honoring alliance-obligations through decisive action.