Valmiki Ramayana 5.30.8 — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 30, Shloka 8

हनुमता सीतासंवादोपायचिन्ता

Hanuman’s Deliberation on How to Address Sita

Devanagari script

यद्यप्यहमिमां देवीं शोकोपहतचेतनाम्।अनाश्वास्य गमिष्यामि दोषवद्गमनं भवेत्।।।।

Transliteration

yady apy aham imāṃ devīṃ śokopahatacetanām |

anāśvāsya gamiṣyāmi doṣavad gamanaṃ bhavet ||

Translation

ഞാൻ ഇവിടെ നിന്ന് പോകേണ്ടിവന്നാലും, ദുഃഖംകൊണ്ട് തളർന്ന മനസ്സുള്ള ഈ ദേവിയെ ആശ്വസിപ്പിക്കാതെ പോയാൽ എന്റെ പുറപ്പെടൽ കുറ്റകരമായിരിക്കും.

Word by Word

• यदि: if
• यदि: सम्बन्ध (Condition marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदि (अव्यय)
• Form: शर्त-अव्यय (conditional particle)

• अपि: even though
• अपि: सम्बन्ध (Concession marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (concessive/emphatic particle)

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: कर्ता (Karta)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• इमाम्: this (lady)
• इमाम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• देवीम्: the noble lady (Sita)
• देवीम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• शोकोपहतचेतनाम्: whose mind is overwhelmed by grief
• शोकोपहतचेतनाम्: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शोक + उपहत + चेतना (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि समास (शोकेन उपहता चेतना यस्याः); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण

• अनाश्वास्य: without consoling
• अनाश्वास्य: पूर्वक्रिया (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + श्वस् (धातु)
• Form: ल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund/absolutive), नञ्-पूर्वक; पूर्वकाल (having not consoled)

• गमिष्यामि: I will go
• गमिष्यामि: क्रिया (Kriyā)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: लृट्-लकार (Simple future/भविष्यत्), उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• दोषवत्: blameworthy
• दोषवत्: विधेय (Predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दोषवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषण (qualifying gamanam)

• गमनम्: going, departure
• गमनम्: कर्ता (Karta; subject of bhavet)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गमन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• भवेत्: would be
• भवेत्: क्रिया (Kriyā)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative/सम्भावना), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

Context

"I have seen the ability of the demons and the citadel of Lanka. I have seen the power of Ravana the demon king.

Characters & Entities

• Sītā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is not merely mission success but moral completeness: abandoning a grief-stricken person without aid is an ethical failure, even if other objectives are met.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān weighs whether to return after locating Sītā; he concludes he must first reassure her.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Nīti (moral judgment) and empathy—Hanumān evaluates his action by whether it is ethically defensible.