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Shloka 12

सीताविलापः

Sita’s Lament and Resolve under Threat

Devanagari script

अनन्य दैवत्वमियं क्षमा चभूमौ च शय्या नियमश्च धर्मे।पतिव्रतात्वं विफलं ममेदंकृतं कृतघ्नेष्विव मानुषाणाम्।।5.28.12।।

Transliteration

ananya-daivatvam iyaṁ kṣamā ca

bhūmau ca śayyā niyamaś ca dharme |

pativratātvaṁ viphalaṁ mamedaṁ

kṛtaṁ kṛtaghneṣv iva mānuṣāṇām || 5.28.12 ||

Translation

നിന്നെയേ ദൈവമായി ഏകാഗ്രഭക്തി, എന്റെ ക്ഷമ, ഭൂമിയിൽ ശയനം, ധർമ്മത്തിലെ നിയമാനുഷ്ഠാനം—ഇവയൊക്കെയും; എന്റെ ഈ പതിവ്രതവും ഫലശൂന്യമായി, കൃതഘ്നരായ മനുഷ്യർക്കു ചെയ്ത സത്കർമ്മംപോലെ.

Word by Word
अनन्यदैवत्वम्exclusive devotion to one deity (no other god)
अनन्यदैवत्वम्:
कर्ता (subject, item being described)
TypeNoun
Rootअनन्य (प्रातिपदिक) + दैवत्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (Neuter, Nominative, Singular); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः/सम्बन्ध-तत्पुरुषः (ananya-sya daivatvam = exclusive devotion to one deity)
इयम्this (she/this one)
इयम्:
कर्ता (subject; apposition with following nouns)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (Feminine, Nominative, Singular); सर्वनाम (pronoun)
क्षमाforbearance, tolerance
क्षमा:
कर्ता (subject; coordinated list)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षमा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (Feminine, Nominative, Singular)
चand
च:
समुच्चय (coordination)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्ययम् (conjunction: 'and')
भूमौon the ground/earth
भूमौ:
अधिकरण (location)
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे सप्तमी-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (Feminine, Locative, Singular)
चand
च:
समुच्चय (coordination)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्ययम् (conjunction)
शय्याbed, sleeping (on the ground)
शय्या:
कर्ता (subject; coordinated list)
TypeNoun
Rootशय्या (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (Feminine, Nominative, Singular)
नियमःdiscipline, restraint
नियमः:
कर्ता (subject; coordinated list)
TypeNoun
Rootनियम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (Masculine, Nominative, Singular)
चand
च:
समुच्चय (coordination)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्ययम् (conjunction)
धर्मेin righteousness/duty
धर्मे:
अधिकरण (sphere/field)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे सप्तमी-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (Masculine, Locative, Singular)
पतिव्रतात्वम्the state of being devoted to one’s husband (chastity)
पतिव्रतात्वम्:
कर्ता (subject; main topic of second half)
TypeNoun
Rootपति (प्रातिपदिक) + व्रत (प्रातिपदिक) + त्व (तद्धित-प्रत्ययः)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (Neuter, Nominative, Singular); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (pateḥ vratam) + तद्धितान्त-भाववाचकः 'त्व' (state/quality)
विफलम्fruitless, futile
विफलम्:
कर्तृ-विशेषण (predicate adjective of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootविफल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (Neuter, Nominative, Singular); विशेषणम् (qualifies पतिव्रतात्वम्)
ममmy
मम:
सम्बन्ध (possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (Genitive, Singular); सर्वनाम (pronoun)
इदम्this
इदम्:
कर्ता (subject/apposition to पतिव्रतात्वम्)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (Neuter, Nominative, Singular); सर्वनाम (pronoun); (मम + इदम् → ममेदम् sandhi)
कृतम्done, performed
कृतम्:
कर्तृ-विशेषण (predicate participle)
TypeAdjective
Rootकृ (धातु) + क्त (कृत्-प्रत्ययः)
Formभूतकर्मणि क्त-प्रत्ययान्तं कृदन्तम् (past passive participle); नपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (Neuter, Nominative, Singular); (agrees with इदम्/पतिव्रतात्वम्: 'done/performed')
कृतघ्नेषुamong the ungrateful (people)
कृतघ्नेषु:
अधिकरण (reference set: 'among/in the case of')
TypeNoun
Rootकृत (प्रातिपदिक) + घ्न (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे सप्तमी-विभक्तिः बहुवचनम् (Masculine, Locative, Plural); कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-समासः (कृतं घ्नन्ति/कृतं न जानन्ति इति—'ungrateful'); (कृतघ्नेषु + इव → कृतघ्नेष्विव sandhi)
इवlike, as if
इव:
उपमान-सम्बन्ध (comparative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formउपमा-अव्ययम् (particle of comparison: 'like/as')
मानुषाणाम्of human beings
मानुषाणाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation with कृतघ्नेषु: 'of human beings')
TypeNoun
Rootमानुष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे षष्ठी-विभक्तिः बहुवचनम् (Masculine, Genitive, Plural)
Context

"I am devoted to you and to no other god. My hardship in sleeping on the ground, my righteousness, my discipline and chastity have all proved futile like the devotion of an ungrateful person.

Characters & Entities
S
Sītā
R
Rāma (implied by exclusive devotion)

FAQs

The verse spotlights pativratā-dharma and disciplined living, while also expressing the anguish that arises when righteous conduct seems unrewarded—raising the Ramayana’s recurring question of how dharma is tested before it is vindicated.

Sītā laments that her austerity, patience, and exclusive devotion appear to have yielded no protection, as she faces mortal danger in Laṅkā.

Sītā’s chastity, restraint, and endurance—virtues held as exemplary in the epic, even when they become the very ground of her suffering and trial.

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