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Shloka 30

षोडशः सर्गः (Sarga 16): Hanumān’s Recognition of Sītā and Renewed Lament

हिमहतनलिनीव नष्टशोभा व्यसनपरम्परया निपीड्यमाना।सहचररहितेव चक्रवाकी जनकसुता कृपणां दशां प्रपन्ना।।5.16.30।।

himahatanalinīva naṣṭaśobhā vyasanaparamparayā nipīḍyamānā |

sahacararahiteva cakravākī janakasutā kṛpaṇāṃ daśāṃ prapannā ||5.16.30||

മഞ്ഞുപിടിച്ച താമരപോലെ അവളുടെ ശോഭ മങ്ങിപ്പോയി; ദുരിതങ്ങളുടെ പരമ്പരയിൽ പീഡിതയായി, കൂട്ടാളിയില്ലാത്ത ചക്രവാകിപക്ഷിയെപ്പോലെ ജനകസുത ദയനീയാവസ്ഥയിൽ പതിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നു.

hima-hata-nalinīa lotus struck by snow
hima-hata-nalinī:
Upamana (उपमान)
TypeNoun
Roothima (प्रातिपदिक) + hata (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक) + nalinī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष: 'himena hatā nalinī' (lotus struck by snow)
ivalike
iva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormSimile particle (उपमावाचक-अव्यय)
naṣṭa-śobhādevoid of beauty
naṣṭa-śobhā:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootnaṣṭa (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक) + śobhā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); बहुव्रीहि: 'naṣṭā śobhā yasyāḥ sā' (she whose beauty is lost)
vyasana-paramparayāby a succession of calamities
vyasana-paramparayā:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootvyasana (प्रातिपदिक) + paramparā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष: 'vyasanānāṃ paramparā' (succession of misfortunes)
nipīḍyamānābeing oppressed
nipīḍyamānā:
Karma (कर्म/कर्मणि)
TypeVerb
Rootni + pīḍ (धातु)
FormPresent passive participle (शानच्/मान-प्रत्यय, कर्मणि), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
sahacara-rahitāwithout her companion
sahacara-rahitā:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsahacara (प्रातिपदिक) + rahita (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष: 'sahacarena rahitā' (bereft of companion)
ivalike
iva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormSimile particle (उपमावाचक-अव्यय)
cakravākīa female cakravāka bird
cakravākī:
Upamana (उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootcakravākī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
janaka-sutāJanaka's daughter (Sita)
janaka-sutā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootjanaka (प्रातिपदिक) + sutā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष: 'janakasya sutā'
kṛpaṇāmpitiable
kṛpaṇām:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkṛpaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); adjective to daśām
daśāmstate/condition
daśām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdaśā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)
prapannāhas reached/has fallen into
prapannā:
Kriya (क्रिया/participial predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootpra + pad (धातु)
FormPast active participle (क्त-प्रत्यय), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

Hanuman, the swift-footed bull among monkeys, on his part waiting on the Simsupa tree thus reflecting concluded in his mind that she was Sita.ityārṣē śrīmadrāmāyaṇē vālmīkīya ādikāvyē sundarakāṇḍē ṣōḍaśassargaḥ.Thus ends the sixteenth sarga of Sundarakanda of the holy Ramayana, the first epic composed by sage Valmiki.

S
Sita
J
Janaka

FAQs

The verse evokes moral urgency: when the innocent are crushed by repeated calamities, dharma demands compassionate intervention and restoration of justice.

Hanuman poetically describes Sītā’s diminished radiance and loneliness in captivity, emphasizing the pain of separation from Rāma.

Sītā’s steadfast love and endurance in separation, alongside Hanuman’s compassionate perception.