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Shloka 3

षोडशः सर्गः (Sarga 16): Hanumān’s Recognition of Sītā and Renewed Lament

मान्या गुरुविनीतस्य लक्ष्मणस्य गुरुप्रिया।यदि सीताऽऽपि दुःखार्ता कालो हि दुरतिक्रमः।।5.16.3।।

mānyā guruvinītasya lakṣmaṇasya gurupriyā |

yadi sītā'pi duḥkhārtā kālo hi duratikramaḥ ||5.16.3||

ഗുരുവിനീതനായ ലക്ഷ്മണൻ ആദരിക്കുന്നതും മുതിർന്നവർക്ക് പ്രിയങ്കരിയുമായ സീതയും ഇങ്ങനെ ദുഃഖാർത്തയായാൽ, കാലത്തെ അതിക്രമിക്കുക നിസ്സംശയം ദുഷ്കരമാണ്.

सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
मुहूर्तम्for a moment
मुहूर्तम्:
Kāla-adhikarana (काल-अधिकरण/Time-extent)
TypeNoun
Rootmuhūrta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कालावधि
इवas if
इव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Comparative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
Formउपमानवाचक-अव्यय (like/as if)
ध्यात्वाhaving thought/meditated
ध्यात्वा:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootdhyai (ध्यै-धातु)
Formक्त्वा-अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund)
बाष्प-पर्याकुल-ईक्षणःwhose eyes were clouded with tears
बाष्प-पर्याकुल-ईक्षणः:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootbāṣpa (प्रातिपदिक) + paryākula (प्रातिपदिक) + īkṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषसमास (descriptive chain); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; 'बाष्पेण पर्याकुलम् ईक्षणं यस्य' (also interpretable as bahuvrīhi in sense)
सीताम्Sita
सीताम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootsītā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
आश्रित्यhaving taken refuge in/with regard to
आश्रित्य:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootā-śri (श्रि-धातु)
Formल्यप्-अव्ययकृदन्त (absolutive: having resorted to/depending on)
तेजस्वीradiant/energetic
तेजस्वी:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Roottejasvin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
हनूमान्Hanuman
हनूमान्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roothanūmat (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
विललापlamented
विललाप:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-lap (लप्-धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
indeed
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootha (अव्यय)
Formस्मरण/वृत्तान्तसूचक-अव्यय (emphatic particle)

"Indeed, the husband is the greatest ornament for a married woman. Hence though deserving adornment she does not like it, bereft of her husband who is her onlyornament.

S
Sita
L
Lakshmana
K
Kala (Time)

FAQs

The verse underscores humility before Kāla (Time) and the dharmic insight that suffering can arise even for the virtuous; therefore one should not become arrogant, but remain steady and compassionate.

Hanuman, observing Sītā’s condition in Laṅkā, reflects that if such a revered and virtuous woman suffers, it shows how formidable the force of Time is.

Hanuman’s discernment and empathy—he interprets events through moral causality and feels concern rather than mere shock.