Shloka 43

समुद्रलङ्घनारम्भः

Commencement of the Ocean-Crossing

Devanagari script

एवमुक्त्वा तु हनुमान्वानरान्वानरोत्तमः।।।।उत्पपाताथ वेगेन वेगवानविचारयन्।सुपर्णमिव चात्मानं मेने स कपिकुञ्जरः।।।।

Transliteration

evam uktvā tu hanumān vānarān vānarottamaḥ | utpapāta atha vegena vegavān avicārayan | suparṇam iva cātmānaṁ mene sa kapikuñjaraḥ ||

Translation

ഇങ്ങനെ പറഞ്ഞിട്ട് വാനരന്മാരിൽ ശ്രേഷ്ഠനായ ഹനുമാൻ വാനരന്മാരോട് സംസാരിച്ചു, ആലോചനയില്ലാതെ മഹാവേഗത്തിൽ ചാടിപ്പുറപ്പെട്ടു; ആ മഹാകപി സ്വയം സുപർണൻ (ഗരുഡൻ) പോലെയെന്ന് കരുതി.

Word by Word

• evam: thus
• evam: Kriya-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (प्रकारवाचक अव्यय)

• uktvā: having spoken
• uktvā: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त), ‘having said’

• tu: but/then
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (अन्वयार्थक/विरोधार्थक निपात)

• hanumān: Hanuman
• hanumān: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hanumat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• vānarān: the vanaras
• vānarān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• vānarottamaḥ: the best of vanaras
• vānarottamaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānara-uttama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: vānārāṇām uttamaḥ ‘best among vanaras’ (used as apposition to hanumān)

• utpapāta: leaped up
• utpapāta: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ut-√pat (पत् धातु)
• Form: Liṭ (Perfect/परोक्षभूत), Parasmaipada, 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular; with preverb ut-

• atha: then
• atha: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: Sequential particle (अनन्तरार्थक अव्यय)

• vegena: with speed
• vegena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vega (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular

• vegavān: swift
• vegavān: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vegavat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular; possessive adjective (मतुप्)

• avicārayan: without hesitation
• avicārayan: Kriya-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: a-vi-√cār (चर्/चार् धातु)
• Form: Present participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; with negation a-; ‘not considering/without deliberation’

• suparṇam: Suparna (Garuda)
• suparṇam: Upamāna (उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: suparṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• iva: like
• iva: Upamā (उपमा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: Simile particle (उपमार्थक अव्यय)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय)

• ātmānam: himself
• ātmānam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• mene: thought/considered
• mene: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: man (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ (Perfect/परोक्षभूत), Ātmanepada, 3rd Person, Singular

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• kapikuñjaraḥ: the mighty monkey (elephant-like)
• kapikuñjaraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kapi-kuñjara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular; कर्मधारयः: ‘elephant-like monkey’ / ‘monkey-elephant’ (epithet)

Context

"I will, by all means return successful with Sita or else I will uproot Lanka along with Ravana and bring him here".

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Vānaras
• Suparṇa (Garuḍa)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

After truthful resolve comes decisive action—dharma is not only intention but timely execution for the sake of the vulnerable.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān finishes speaking and immediately launches into his ocean-crossing leap.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Swift, confident initiative (kriyā-śakti) aligned with a righteous aim.