Shloka 39

Devanagari script

उवाचातिप्रहृष्टेव सा दुःखवशवर्तिनी।वाङ्ग्मात्रेण न भावेन वाचाऽसंसज्जमानया।।2.25.39।।

Transliteration

uvācātiprahṛṣṭeva sā duḥkhavaśavartinī | vāṅmātreṇa na bhāvena vācā ’saṃsajjamānayā || 2.25.39 ||

Translation

ദുഃഖത്തിന്റെ അധീനയായിരുന്നിട്ടും അവൾ അത്യന്തം സന്തോഷിച്ചവളെപ്പോലെ സംസാരിച്ചു; ഹൃദയഭാവത്തിൽ അല്ല, വാക്കുകളിൽ മാത്രം—അവളുടെ ശബ്ദം വിറയലോടെയും അസ്ഥിരമായും ആയിരുന്നു.

Word by Word

• ānamya: having bent down
• ānamya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā + √nam (नम् धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (ल्यप्), 'having bowed/bent (him)'

• mūrdhni: on the head/forehead
• mūrdhni: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mūrdhan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative (7), Singular

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• āghrāya: having smelled
• āghrāya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā + √ghrā (घ्रा धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (ल्यप्), 'having smelled'

• pariṣvajya: having embraced
• pariṣvajya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pari + √svaj (स्वज् धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (ल्यप्), 'having embraced'

• yaśasvinī: the illustrious lady
• yaśasvinī: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yaśasvinī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (1), Singular

• avadat: said/spoke
• avadat: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vad (वद् धातु)
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular

• putra: O son
• putra: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: putra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative (8), Singular

• siddhārthaḥ: having achieved your aim
• siddhārthaḥ: Sambodhana-visheshana (सम्बोधन-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: siddha + artha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1), Singular; used predicatively/addressing: 'one whose purpose is accomplished'

• gaccha: go
• gaccha: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √gam (गम् धातु)
• Form: Imperative (लोट्), Parasmaipada, 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Singular

• rāma: O Rāma
• rāma: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative (8), Singular

• yathā-sukham: in comfort/at ease
• yathā-sukham: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय) + sukha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव: adverbial compound meaning 'according to comfort'; indeclinable usage

Context

Even though Kausalya was filled with distress, she appeared as if she was very much happy. She uttered mere words in a confusing tone without applying her mind.

Characters & Entities

• Kausalyā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as restraint: maintaining outward steadiness and blessing even when inner sorrow is overwhelming.

What is the narrative situation?

After performing rites, Kausalyā attempts to speak encouragingly to Rāma, but her grief shows through her unsteady voice.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Fortitude—trying to uphold supportive speech despite personal anguish.