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Shloka 23

पादुकाप्रदानम्

The Gift of the Sandals and Delegated Kingship

Devanagari script

स पादुके सम्प्रणम्य रामं वचनमब्रवीत्चतुर्दश हि वर्षाणि जटाचीरधरो ह्याहम्।।2.112.23।।फलमूलाशनो वीर भवेयं रघुनन्दन।तवाऽगमनमाकाङ्क्षान्वसन्वै नगराद्बहिः।।2.112.24।।तव पादुकयोर्न्यस्तराज्यतन्त्रः परन्तप।

Transliteration

sa pāduke sampraṇamya rāmaṃ vacanam abravīt |

caturdaśa hi varṣāṇi jaṭācīradharo hy aham || 2.112.23 ||

phalamūlāśano vīra bhaveyaṃ raghunandana |

tavāgamanam ākāṅkṣan vasan vai nagarād bahiḥ || 2.112.24 ||

tava pādukayor nyasta-rājyatantraḥ parantapa |

Translation

പാദുകകളെ സാഷ്ടാംഗം നമസ്കരിച്ചു ഭരതൻ രാമനോടു പറഞ്ഞു: “ഹേ വീരനായ രഘുനന്ദനാ! പതിനാലു വർഷം ഞാൻ ജടാധാരിയായി വൽക്കലവസ്ത്രം ധരിച്ചു ഫലമൂലങ്ങൾ മാത്രം ആഹാരമാക്കി ജീവിക്കും. ഹേ പരന്തപാ! രാജ്യഭരണം നിങ്ങളുടെ പാദുകകൾക്കു ഏല്പിച്ചു നഗരത്തിനു പുറത്തു വസിച്ച് നിങ്ങളുടെ വരവിനെ കാത്തിരിക്കും.”

Word by Word
saḥhe (Bharata)
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
pādukethe two sandals
pāduke:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpādukā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, द्विवचन; (object of sampraṇamya: bowing to)
sampraṇamyahaving bowed down to
sampraṇamya:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootsam-pra-√nam (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त (absolutive), पूर्वकाल
rāmamRama
rāmam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootrāma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
vacanamwords/speech
vacanam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvacana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
abravītsaid
abravīt:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√brū (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
caturdaśafourteen
caturdaśa:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootcaturdaśan (प्रातिपदिक; numeral)
Formसंख्यावाचक; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; varṣāṇi-विशेषण
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (indeed/for)
varṣāṇiyears
varṣāṇi:
Kāla-adhikarana (काल-अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootvarṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; duration/extent
jaṭā-cīra-dharaḥwearing matted hair and bark-garments
jaṭā-cīra-dharaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootjaṭā (प्रातिपदिक) + cīra (प्रातिपदिक) + dhara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासः तत्पुरुषः (उपपद-तत्पुरुष: जटां चीरं च धरति); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; aham-विशेषण
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (indeed)
ahamI
aham:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; प्रथमा, एकवचन
phala-mūla-aśanaḥeating fruits and roots
phala-mūla-aśanaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootphala (प्रातिपदिक) + mūla (प्रातिपदिक) + aśana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासः द्वन्द्वः (फलानि च मूलानि च; then upapada: aśanaḥ 'eater'); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; aham-implicit qualifier
vīraO hero
vīra:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootvīra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
bhaveyamI would be / I shall remain
bhaveyam:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√bhū (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
raghu-nandanaO delight of Raghu (Rama)
raghu-nandana:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootraghu (प्रातिपदिक) + nandana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासः तत्पुरुषः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: रघोः नन्दनः); पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
tavayour
tava:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; षष्ठी, एकवचन
āgamanamarrival/coming
āgamanam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootāgamana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
ākāṅkṣanlonging for/awaiting
ākāṅkṣan:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootā-√kāṅkṣ (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (शतृ; present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; agrees with aham (implicit)
vasandwelling
vasan:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Root√vas (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (शतृ; present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; agrees with aham (implicit)
vaiindeed
vai:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (emphatic particle)
nagarātfrom the city
nagarāt:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootnagara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन
bahiḥoutside
bahiḥ:
Desha-adhikarana (देश-अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootbahiḥ (अव्यय)
Formदेशार्थक-अव्यय (adverb: outside)
tavayour
tava:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; षष्ठी, एकवचन
pādukayoḥon your two sandals
pādukayoḥ:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootpādukā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी/सप्तमी (Genitive/Locative), द्विवचन; here locative sense 'on' is intended
nyasta-rājya-tantraḥhaving entrusted the governance of the kingdom (to them)
nyasta-rājya-tantraḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootnyasta (प्रातिपदिक; from ni-√as) + rājya (प्रातिपदिक) + tantra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासः तत्पुरुषः (कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-सम्भाव्य: न्यस्तं राज्यतन्त्रं यस्य सः); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; aham-implicit qualifier
parantapaO tormentor of foes
parantapa:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootparantapa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासः बहुव्रीहिः (परान् तपति इति); पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
Context

Bharata bowed before the sandals and said to Rama, 'O tormentorr of enemies, O hero, wearing matted locks and bark garments, living on fruits and roots, placing the responsibility of ruling the kingdom on your sandals and looking forward to your arrival, I shall reside outside the city for fourteen years.'

Characters & Entities
B
Bharata
R
Rama
P
Pādukā (sandals)
A
Ayodhya (implied by 'city')
R
Raghu lineage (Raghu)

FAQs

Trusteeship in power: Bharata refuses kingship as possession and treats rule as a sacred duty carried out on Rama’s behalf, grounded in truth and rightful succession.

After receiving the sandals, Bharata vows an ascetic life mirroring exile and declares he will govern only through the symbol of Rama’s authority while living outside the capital.

Bharata’s renunciation and fidelity (niṣkāma-sevā): he embraces hardship to uphold Rama’s satya and the kingdom’s dharma.

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