Shloka 2

Description and Measurements of Śākadvīpa

with Oceans, Mountains, Varṣas, and Rivers

Devanagari script

समुद्रस्य प्रमाणं च सम्यगच्छिद्र दर्शनः । शाकद्वीपं च नो ब्रूहि कुशद्वीपं च धार्मिकम्

Transliteration

samudrasya pramāṇaṃ ca samyagacchidra darśanaḥ | śākadvīpaṃ ca no brūhi kuśadvīpaṃ ca dhārmikam

Translation

ഹേ മുനിവര്യാ! സമുദ്രത്തിന്റെ അളവ് ഞങ്ങൾക്ക് യഥാർത്ഥവും ദോഷരഹിതവുമായ വിവരണത്തോടെ പറയുക; കൂടാതെ ശാകദ്വീപവും ധർമ്മമയമായ കുശദ്വീപവും വിവരിക്കൂ।

Word by Word

• समुद्रस्य: of the ocean
• समुद्रस्य: सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: समुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular)

• प्रमाणम्: measure/dimension
• प्रमाणम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रमाण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (Indeclinable), समुच्चय-बोधक (Conjunction)

• सम्यक्: properly
• सम्यक्: सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Manner)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम्यक् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (Indeclinable), क्रियाविशेषण (Adverb: 'properly/correctly')

• अच्छिद्र: flawless
• अच्छिद्र: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ (नञ्) + छिद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); नञ्-तत्पुरुष (negative determinative: 'without flaw/hole')

• दर्शनः: O seer / O one of vision
• दर्शनः: सम्बोधन (Sambodhana/Vocative address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दर्शन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); सम्बोधनार्थे (honorific address)

• शाक-द्वीपम्: Śākadvīpa
• शाक-द्वीपम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शाक (प्रातिपदिक) + द्वीप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive determinative: 'Śāka-dvīpa')

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (Indeclinable), समुच्चय-बोधक (Conjunction)

• नः: to us/for us
• नः: सम्प्रदान (Sampradāna/Recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तम-पुरुष-सर्वनाम (1st person pronoun), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th) बहुवचन (Plural); वैकल्पिकं दत्तिवत् प्रयोगः (often used as enclitic 'to us')

• ब्रूहि: tell
• ब्रूहि: क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यम-पुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन (Singular); परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)

• कुश-द्वीपम्: Kuśadvīpa
• कुश-द्वीपम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुश (प्रातिपदिक) + द्वीप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive determinative: 'Kuśa-dvīpa')

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (Indeclinable), समुच्चय-बोधक (Conjunction)

• धार्मिकम्: righteous/sacred
• धार्मिकम्: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धार्मिक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण (qualifying कुश-द्वीपम्)

Speaker

Inquirer (listener) addressing the sage-narrator (traditional Padma Purāṇa dialogue frame: Bhīṣma to Pulastya)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: celestial_realm

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: सम्यगच्छिद्र → सम्यक् अच्छिद्र

Characters & Entities

• Śākadvīpa
• Kuśadvīpa
• Samudra (ocean)

FAQs

What does this verse ask about in Padma Purāṇa cosmography?

It requests a precise account of the ocean’s extent and a description of two cosmic continents (dvīpas): Śākadvīpa and Kuśadvīpa.

Why are Śākadvīpa and Kuśadvīpa mentioned together?

They appear as part of the Purāṇic scheme of dvīpas; the verse signals a transition into structured geographic/cosmological narration covering successive regions.

What is the ethical or interpretive emphasis in the phrase “acchidra” (faultless)?

It highlights the listener’s desire for a complete, coherent teaching—an ideal of careful transmission of sacred knowledge without omissions or inconsistencies.