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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 19

The Description of the Caturdaśī Vrata Observed throughout the Twelve Months

मुखे ददेद्धेमधेनुं रुद्रव्रतमिदं स्मृतम् । शुचिशुक्लचतुर्दश्यां शिवं संपूज्य मानवः ॥ १९ ॥

mukhe dadeddhemadhenuṃ rudravratamidaṃ smṛtam | śuciśuklacaturdaśyāṃ śivaṃ saṃpūjya mānavaḥ || 19 ||

യോഗ്യനായ പാത്രത്തിന് സ്വർണധേനുവിനെ ദാനമായി നൽകണം—ഇതാണ് രുദ്രവ്രതമെന്ന് സ്മൃതിയിൽ പറയുന്നു. ശുദ്ധ ശുക്ല ചതുര്ദശിയിൽ ശിവനെ വിധിപൂർവ്വം പൂജിച്ച് വ്രതം സമാപിപ്പിക്കണം.

मुखेin/at the mouth (or face)
मुखे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootमुख (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th—सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)
ददेत्should give
ददेत्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु)
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
हेमधेनुम्a golden cow
हेमधेनुम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootहेम (प्रातिपदिक) + धेनु (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd—द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); कर्मधारय ‘golden cow’
रुद्रव्रतम्the Rudra-vow
रुद्रव्रतम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootरुद्र (प्रातिपदिक) + व्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (1st/2nd—प्रथमा/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष ‘vow of Rudra’
इदम्this
इदम्:
Visheshya (विशेष्य)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (1st/2nd—प्रथमा/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); demonstrative pronoun
स्मृतम्is declared/remembered (as)
स्मृतम्:
Kriya (क्रिया-भाव)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्मृत (कृदन्त; स्मृ धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st—प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
शुचिशुक्लचतुर्दश्याम्on the pure bright 14th
शुचिशुक्लचतुर्दश्याम्:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootशुचि (प्रातिपदिक) + शुक्ल (प्रातिपदिक) + चतुर्दशी (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Locative (7th—सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); बहुपद-तत्पुरुष ‘on the pure bright 14th (tithi)’
शिवम्Śiva
शिवम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootशिव (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd—द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
संपूज्यhaving worshipped
संपूज्य:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootसम्+पूज् (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/gerund (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय; ल्यप्), ‘having worshipped’; indeclinable verbal form
मानवःa man
मानवः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमानव (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st—प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

Narada (teaching in dialogue tradition, commonly framed within Narada–Sanatkumara discourse)

Vrata: Rudra-vrata

Primary Rasa: bhakti

Secondary Rasa: shanta

R
Rudra
S
Shiva

FAQs

It defines a specific Śaiva observance (Rudra-vrata): worship of Śiva on Śukla Caturdaśī combined with dana (the gift of a golden cow), presenting devotion and generosity as a single integrated religious act.

Bhakti is expressed through saṃpūjā—complete worship of Śiva on an auspicious tithi—showing that devotion is not only inner reverence but also disciplined practice aligned with sacred time.

Kalā/astronomical timing (Vedāṅga Jyotiṣa in practice) is implied through the specified tithi—Śukla Pakṣa Caturdaśī—indicating that correct ritual observance depends on precise lunar calendrical reckoning.