Shloka 29

Adhyaya 44 — Subahu’s Counsel to the King of Kashi and Alarka’s Renunciation through Yoga

Sanskrit

ततः कालेन महता निर्द्वन्द्वो निष्परिग्रहः ।

प्राप्य योगर्धिमतुलां परं निर्वाणमाप्तवान् ॥

Transliteration

tataḥ kālena mahatā nirdvandvo niṣparigrahaḥ | prāpya yogardhim atulāṃ paraṃ nirvāṇam āptavān ||

Translation

പിന്നീട് ദീർഘകാലത്തിന് ശേഷം, ദ്വന്ദ്വാതീതനും അപരിഗ്രഹിയും ആയി, അനുപമമായ യോഗസിദ്ധി പ്രാപിച്ച്, അവൻ പരമ നിർവാണത്തെ പ്രാപിച്ചു.

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then/thereafter
• tataḥ: Kāla (काल/temporal)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb): ‘thereafter/from that’

• kālena: with/by time
• kālena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, तृतीया, एकवचनम्

• mahatā: great/long
• mahatā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, तृतीया, एकवचनम्; qualifies kālena

• nirdvandvaḥ: free from opposites
• nirdvandvaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nirdvandva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; ‘free from dualities’

• niṣparigrahaḥ: without possessions
• niṣparigrahaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: niṣparigraha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; ‘without possessions/attachments’

• prāpya: having attained
• prāpya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √āp (धातु) + pra + ya (ल्यप्)
• Form: ल्यप्-अव्यय (gerund): ‘having attained’

• yoga-ṛddhim: yogic prosperity/power
• yoga-ṛddhim: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yoga (प्रातिपदिक) + ṛddhi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘योगस्य ऋद्धिः’; स्त्रीलिङ्गे, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्

• atulām: incomparable
• atulām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: atulā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; qualifies ṛddhim

• param: supreme
• param: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: para (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; qualifies nirvāṇam

• nirvāṇam: liberation/nirvāṇa
• nirvāṇam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nirvāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्

• āptavān: attained/obtained
• āptavān: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √āp (धातु) + kta-vat (क्तवत्)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्तवत्-प्रत्यय, perfective active participle); पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; finite-sense: ‘he attained’

Speakers

• Narrator voice

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Nirvāṇa/mokṣa
• Nirdvandva
• Aparigraha
• Yoga-phala (fruit of yoga)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Liberation is linked with inner equanimity and non-possessiveness. Ethical restraint (aparigraha) and steady practice mature into freedom from suffering.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Didactic narrative within ‘vaṃśānucarita’; not a cosmological pañcalakṣaṇa passage.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Yoga-ṛddhi’ here can be read less as miraculous powers and more as perfected integration (samādhi-sthiti), culminating in nirvāṇa—cessation of avidyā-driven becoming.