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Shloka 19

Adhyaya 20Ritadhvaja’s Companionship with the Naga Princes and the Origin of the Horse Kuvalaya

पुत्रावूचतुः पुत्रः शत्रुजितस्तात नाम्ना ख्यात ऋतध्वजः ।

रूपवानार्जवोपेतः शूरो मानी प्रियंवदः ॥

putrāv ūcatuḥ putraḥ śatrujitas tāta nāmnā khyāta ṛtadhvajaḥ |

rūpavān ārjavopetaḥ śūro mānī priyaṃvadaḥ ||

പുത്രന്മാർ പറഞ്ഞു—പിതാവേ, ശത്രുജിത്തിന്റെ പുത്രൻ ‘ഋതധ്വജ’ എന്ന നാമത്തിൽ പ്രസിദ്ധൻ—സുന്ദരൻ, ഋജുത്വസമ്പന്നൻ, വീരൻ, മഹോത്സാഹി, മധുരഭാഷി—അവൻ തന്നെയാണ്।

putrauthe two sons
putrau:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootputra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Dual (द्विवचन)
ūcatuḥsaid (the two)
ūcatuḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Dual (द्विवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
putraḥa son
putraḥ:
Pratijñā/Topic (प्रस्ताव्य/विषय)
TypeNoun
Rootputra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
śatrujitaḥEnemy-conqueror (name/epithet)
śatrujitaḥ:
Viśeṣya-nāma (विशेष्य/उपाधि)
TypeNoun
Rootśatru (प्रातिपदिक) + jit (√ji धातु, क्त)
FormTatpuruṣa compound (तत्पुरुष): ‘śatrūn jitaḥ’ (conqueror of enemies); Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
tātaO father
tāta:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Roottāta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (सम्बोधन/8), Singular (एकवचन)
nāmnāby name
nāmnā:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootnāman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular (एकवचन)
khyātaḥknown, famed
khyātaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkhyā (धातु)
FormPast Passive Participle (क्त/कृत्), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
ṛtadhvajaḥṚtadhvaja (name)
ṛtadhvajaḥ:
Viśeṣya-nāma (विशेष्य/उपाधि)
TypeNoun
Rootṛta (प्रातिपदिक) + dhvaja (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa compound (तत्पुरुष): ‘ṛtasya dhvajaḥ’ (whose banner is truth / truth-bannered); Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
rūpavānhandsome
rūpavān:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootrūpa (प्रातिपदिक) + -vant (तद्धित प्रत्यय)
FormPossessive adjective (वत्त्वर्थक), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
ārjava-upetaḥendowed with honesty
ārjava-upetaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootārjava (प्रातिपदिक) + upeta (√i धातु, क्त)
FormTatpuruṣa compound (तत्पुरुष): ‘ārjavena upetaḥ’ (endowed with straightforwardness); Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
śūraḥbrave
śūraḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootśūra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
mānīproud, self-respecting
mānī:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmānin (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
priyaṃvadaḥsweet-spoken
priyaṃvadaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpriyam (प्रातिपदिक) + vada (√vad धातु, कर्तृ)
FormTatpuruṣa compound (तत्पुरुष): ‘priyaṃ vadati’ (speaks pleasantly); Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
Nāga-sons to their father (reported by Jaḍa)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "vira", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Eulogy of virtueGenealogical identificationIdeal royal qualities

FAQs

The attraction is grounded not merely in pleasure but in perceived guṇa (virtue): beauty is listed, yet moral qualities (ārjava, priya-vāda) are emphasized—suggesting that true affection is drawn to dhārmic character.

Touches vaṃśa (lineage: ‘son of Śatrujit’) and vaṃśānucarita (characterization of a royal figure), but remains within a local narrative unit.

The ‘banner of ṛta’ (ṛta-dhvaja) symbolically points to alignment with cosmic order (ṛta): the psyche naturally gravitates toward harmony and truth when it is not fully obscured by tamas.