Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 14

Adhyaya 20Ritadhvaja’s Companionship with the Naga Princes and the Origin of the Horse Kuvalaya

विना ताभ्यां न बुभुजे न सस्त्रौ न पपौ मधु ।

न रराम न जग्राह शास्त्राण्यात्मगुणर्धये ॥

vinā tābhyāṃ na bubhuje na sastrau na papau madhu |

na rarāma na jagrāha śāstrāṇy ātma-guṇardhaye ||

ആ രണ്ടുപേരില്ലാതെ അവൻ ഭക്ഷണം കഴിക്കുകയില്ല, വസ്ത്രം ധരിക്കുകയോ ആയുധം കെട്ടുകയോ ചെയ്യുകയില്ല, മദ്യം കുടിക്കുകയുമില്ല. അവൻ ആനന്ദിക്കുകയില്ല; സ്വന്തം ഗുണവർദ്ധനയ്ക്കായി ശാസ്ത്രപഠനവും ചെയ്തില്ല।

विनाwithout
विना:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/without-relation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविना (अव्यय)
Formउपपद-अव्यय (preposition-like indeclinable) ‘without’; तृतीया-सम्बन्धः
ताभ्याम्those two (women)
ताभ्याम्:
Apadana (अपादान/ablatival sense with vinā)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, द्विवचन; सर्वनाम
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)
बुभुजेhe ate/enjoyed
बुभुजे:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभुज् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय
सस्त्रौhe did not (perform √स्तृ-action)
सस्त्रौ:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootस्तृ (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; √स्तृ ‘to spread/strewn’—here idiomatic sense uncertain in context
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय
पपौhe drank
पपौ:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootपा (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
मधुmead, honey-drink
मधु:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootमधु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय
ररामhe delighted/sported
रराम:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootरम् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय
जग्राहhe took/accepted
जग्राह:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
शास्त्राणिtreatises, teachings
शास्त्राणि:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootशास्त्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन
आत्म-गुण-ऋधयेfor the increase of his own virtues
आत्म-गुण-ऋधये:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Dative purpose)
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन् + गुण + ऋधि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/Dative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समासः (determinative) ‘आत्मनः गुणानाम् ऋधिः’ = increase of one’s qualities
Narrative voice (exact speaker not specified in input)

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Viraha (separation)Attachment and dependencyNeglect of svadharmaDecline of self-cultivation (śāstra-adhyayana)

FAQs

Even good association can become bondage when it turns into dependence: separation leads to collapse of routine, pleasures, and even dharmic self-improvement (study). The implied counsel is balance—saṅga should support svadharma, not replace it.

Ākhyāna/Upākhyāna illustrating dharma through character psychology; ancillary to the Purāṇic aim of instruction rather than a pancalakṣaṇa core item here.

The mind that externalizes its happiness becomes inert when the object is absent; the verse dramatizes how rajas/tamas surge when the inner locus of contentment is not cultivated.