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Shloka 52

Adhyaya 2The Lineage of Garuda and the Birth of the Wise Birds: Kanka and Kandhara

अन्ये तपस्याभिरता नीताः प्रेतनृपानुगैः ।

योगाभ्यासे रताश्चान्ये नैव प्रापुरमृत्युताम् ॥

anye tapasyābhiratā nītāḥ pretanṛpānugaiḥ | yogābhyāse ratāś cānye naiva prāpur amṛtyutām ||

ചിലർ തപസ്സിൽ നിഷ്ഠയുള്ളവരായിട്ടും പ്രേതരാജന്റെ അനുചരന്മാർ അവരെ കൊണ്ടുപോയി; മറ്റുചിലർ യോഗാഭ്യാസത്തിൽ ലീനരായിട്ടും അമരത്വം പ്രാപിച്ചില്ല।

anyeothers
anye:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootanya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
tapasya-abhiratāḥdevoted to austerities
tapasya-abhiratāḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottapasya (प्रातिपदिक) + abhirata (प्रातिपदिक; √ram क्त)
Formसप्तमी/विषय-तत्पुरुषार्थे (sense: ‘delighting in austerity’), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
nītāḥ(were) led away
nītāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject complement)
TypeVerb
Rootnī (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन — ‘led/taken’
preta-nṛpa-anugaiḥby the attendants of the lord of the dead
preta-nṛpa-anugaiḥ:
Karana (करण/agent-instrument; by whom)
TypeNoun
Rootpreta (प्रातिपदिक) + nṛpa (प्रातिपदिक) + anuga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (determinative: ‘followers of the king of the dead’), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/instrumental), बहुवचन
yoga-abhyāsein the practice of yoga
yoga-abhyāse:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/sphere)
TypeNoun
Rootyoga (प्रातिपदिक) + abhyāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (determinative: ‘practice of yoga’), पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/locative), एकवचन
ratāḥengaged/attached
ratāḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootrata (प्रातिपदिक; √ram क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन — ‘attached/engaged’
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक अव्यय
anyeothers
anye:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootanya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक अव्यय
evaindeed/at all
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक अव्यय
prāpuḥattained/reached
prāpuḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया/finite verb)
TypeVerb
Rootāp (धातु; प्र +)
Formलिट् (perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन, परस्मैपद
amṛtyutāmdeathlessness/immortality
amṛtyutām:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Roota-mṛtyu-tā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनञ्-तत्पुरुष + तद्धित/भावप्रत्यय -ता (state of ‘non-death’), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/accusative), एकवचन
Narrative voice within the early Markandeya Purana framework (not Devi Mahatmyam); specific interlocutors not explicit from this single verse

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

DharmaKarma and fateMortalityTapasYogaLimitations of mere practice without highest realization

FAQs

The verse cautions that external disciplines—tapas (austerity) and yogic practice—do not automatically confer liberation or deathlessness. If one remains bound by karma, wrong orientation, or incomplete realization, death still claims them. Ethically, it discourages pride in practices and implies the need for right knowledge, right aim, and alignment with dharma.

This verse is primarily didactic/ethical instruction rather than a direct statement of Sarga (creation), Pratisarga (re-creation), Vamsha (genealogies), Manvantara (Manu cycles), or Vamshanucarita (dynastic histories). It functions as ancillary teaching often embedded around those larger Purāṇic topics.

‘Followers of the preta-king’ symbolizes the inevitability of death for those who have not transcended identification with the perishable body-mind. Tapas and yoga, when treated as techniques for power or longevity rather than vehicles for ultimate realization, remain within samsāra. ‘Amṛtyutā’ here points beyond mere long life toward true transcendence of death through liberating knowledge.