Shloka 51

Adhyaya 2The Wise Birds

विलासिनस्तथैवान्ये कामयाना निरामयाः ।

अविक्षताङ्गाः शस्त्रैश्च प्रेतराजवशङ्गताः ॥

vilāsinastathaivānye kāmayānā nirāmayāḥ | avikṣatāṅgāḥ śastraiśca pretarājavaśaṅgatāḥ ||

ചിലർ ഭോഗലോലുപരായിരുന്നു; ചിലർ ആഗ്രഹങ്ങളാൽ നിറഞ്ഞിട്ടും രോഗരഹിതരായിരുന്നു. ആയുധങ്ങൾക്കാലും അവരുടെ അവയവങ്ങൾ ക്ഷതപ്പെട്ടില്ല—എങ്കിലും അവർ പ്രേതരാജൻ (യമൻ)ന്റെ അധീനത്തിലായി.

vilāsinaḥpleasure-seekers
vilāsinaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootvilāsin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन — ‘pleasure-seekers/sportive ones’
tathāthus/so
tathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
Formरीतिवाचक अव्यय
evaindeed
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक अव्यय
anyeothers
anye:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootanya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन — ‘others’
kāmayānāḥdesiring
kāmayānāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeVerb
Rootkāmaya (धातु; √kam से णिच्)
Formवर्तमानकाले शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (present active participle of causative), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन — ‘desiring/longing’
nirāmayāḥhealthy/disease-free
nirāmayāḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootnir-āmaya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनञ्/निर्-पूर्वक तत्पुरुष (privative: ‘without illness’), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
avikṣata-aṅgāḥwith uninjured limbs
avikṣata-aṅgāḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roota- (नञ्) + vikṣata (प्रातिपदिक) + aṅga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय (descriptive: ‘unwounded-limbed’), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
śastraiḥby weapons
śastraiḥ:
Karana (करण/instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootśastra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/instrumental), बहुवचन
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (conjunction)
preta-rāja-vaśaṃ-gatāḥfallen under the sway of the lord of the dead
preta-rāja-vaśaṃ-gatāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootpreta (प्रातिपदिक) + rāja (प्रातिपदिक) + vaśa (प्रातिपदिक) + gata (प्रातिपदिक; √gam क्त)
Formबहुपद-तत्पुरुष (determinative: ‘gone into the control of the king of the dead’), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
Narrative voice within the Purāṇic frame (chapter-level context not fully specified by the input)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Yama (Preta-rāja)
Karma and post-mortem destinyImpermanence of bodily wellbeingBondage through desire (kāma)Inevitable jurisdiction of death (Yama)

FAQs

Health, pleasure, and even apparent invulnerability do not exempt one from mortality and karmic order. The verse underscores that attachment to enjoyment and desire (kāma) can persist as a binding force, while Yama’s jurisdiction is universal—thus urging dispassion, dharmic living, and preparation for death through right conduct.

Primarily supports Dharma/karma teaching within the Purāṇic narrative rather than a strict pancalakṣaṇa slot; secondarily it aligns with 'Manvantara/vaṃśānucarita' style moral-historical exposition insofar as Purāṇas use such depictions to illustrate karmic consequences. Functionally, it serves as didactic upadeśa embedded in narrative.

The contrast—unwounded by weapons yet still seized by Preta-rāja—symbolizes that death is not merely a physical event avoidable by strength, medicine, or protection. It points to subtler bonds: desire and identification with enjoyment. Esoterically, it implies that inner purification (vāsanā-kṣaya) is the true ‘invulnerability,’ not bodily intactness.