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Shloka 21

Virāṭa Rescued from Suśarmā; Night Battle and Royal Gratitude (विराटमोक्षणं सुशर्मवधाभिमुखं च)

लक्षयित्वा त्रिगर्तानां तौ प्रविष्टी रथव्रजम्‌ | अग्रत: सूर्यदत्तश्न मदिराक्षश्न पृष्ठत:,फिर उन दोनोंने त्रिगर्तोंकी रथसेनाको लक्ष्य बनाकर उसमें प्रवेश किया। सूर्यदत्तने आगेकी ओरसे आक्रमण किया और मदिराक्षने पीछेकी ओरसे

lakṣayitvā trigartānāṃ tau praviṣṭī rathavrajam | agrataḥ sūryadattaś ca madirākṣaś ca pṛṣṭhataḥ ||

പിന്നീട് അവർ ത്രിഗർത്തരുടെ രഥസേനയെ ലക്ഷ്യമാക്കി അതിൽ കയറി. സൂര്യദത്തൻ മുന്നിൽ നിന്ന് ആക്രമിച്ചു; മദിരാക്ഷൻ പിന്നിൽ നിന്ന് ആക്രമിച്ചു।

लक्षयित्वाhaving aimed at / having targeted
लक्षयित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootलक्ष्
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), परस्मैपद-भाव
त्रिगर्तानाम्of the Trigartas
त्रिगर्तानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootत्रिगर्त
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
तौthose two
तौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
प्रविष्टौentered / having entered
प्रविष्टौ:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-विश्
Formक्त (past passive participle used adjectivally), Masculine, Nominative, Dual
रथव्रजम्the mass/host of chariots (chariot-troop)
रथव्रजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथव्रज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अग्रतःin front / from the front
अग्रतः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअग्रतः
Formtrue
सूर्यदत्तःSūryadatta
सूर्यदत्तः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्यदत्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मदिराक्षःMadirākṣa (lit. 'one with wine-colored eyes')
मदिराक्षः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमदिराक्ष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पृष्ठतःfrom behind / at the rear
पृष्ठतः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृष्ठतः
Formtrue

वैशम्पायन उवाच

T
Trigartas
S
Sūryadatta
M
Madirākṣa
R
ratha (chariot)
R
rathavraja (chariot-host/formation)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights disciplined coordination in battle: effective action is guided by clear focus (lakṣya) and complementary roles (front and rear assault). Ethically, it reflects the kṣatriya sphere where courage and tactical skill are exercised within the larger narrative of duty and conflict.

Two named warriors, Sūryadatta and Madirākṣa, identify the Trigartas’ chariot formation and charge into it. One attacks from the front and the other from the rear, creating pressure on the enemy from both directions.