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Mahabharata 3.33.73Vana Parva, Adhyaya 33, Shloka 73

अध्याय ३३ — कर्म, दैव, हठ, स्वभाव और पुरुषार्थ पर द्रौपदी का उपदेश

Draupadī on Action, Fate, and Human Effort

न तथा तपसा राजॉल्लोकान प्राप्रोति क्षत्रिय: । यथा सृष्टेन युद्धेन विजयेनेतरेण वा

na tathā tapasā rājā lokān prāpnoti kṣatriyaḥ | yathā sṛṣṭena yuddhena vijayenetareṇa vā |

ധർമ്മരാജാ, ക്ഷത്രിയൻ തപസ്സിലൂടെ അത്തരം ലോകങ്ങളെ നേടുന്നില്ല; തനിക്കായി വിധിക്കപ്പെട്ട യുദ്ധത്തിൽ വിജയം നേടുന്നതിലൂടെയോ—അല്ലെങ്കിൽ (വിജയം ലഭിക്കാതിരുന്നാൽ) മരണത്തെ സ്വീകരിക്കുന്നതിലൂടെയോ—അവയെ നേടുന്നു.

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तथाthus/so; in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
तपसाby austerity
तपसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
लोकान्worlds (heavenly realms)
लोकान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
प्राप्नोतिattains
प्राप्नोति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + आप्
Formpresent (lat), third, singular, parasmaipada
क्षत्रियःa Kshatriya (warrior)
क्षत्रियः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
यथाas; in the way that
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
सृष्टेनprescribed/ordained
सृष्टेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootसृष्ट
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
युद्धेनby battle/war
युद्धेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
विजयेनby victory
विजयेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविजय
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
इतरेणby the other (alternative)
इतरेण:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootइतर
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
D
Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira)
K
kṣatriya
K
king (rājā)
L
lokas (meritorious/heavenly worlds)
P
prescribed battle (sṛṣṭa-yuddha)

Educational Q&A

The verse asserts that for a kṣatriya, the highest merit is not primarily gained through ascetic austerities but through faithfully performing one’s ordained duty in righteous battle—accepting either victory or death without abandoning dharma.

Vaiśampāyana addresses Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira), emphasizing the warrior-king’s path: the prescribed battlefield duty yields the meritorious worlds associated with kṣatriya conduct, framing ethical action (svadharma) as superior to inappropriate asceticism for that social role.

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