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Shloka 8

Saṃsāra-gahana-jñāna: Vidura’s Account of Embodiment, Bondage, and Dharmic Release (संसारगहन-ज्ञानम्)

त॑ बद्धमिन्द्रियै: पाशै: संगस्वादुभिरावृतम्‌ । व्यसनान्यपि वर्तन्ते विविधानि नराधिप

ta baddham indriyaiḥ pāśaiḥ saṅgasvādubhir āvṛtam | vyasanāny api vartante vividhāni narādhipa

ഹേ നരാധിപാ! ഇന്ദ്രിയങ്ങളുടെ പാശങ്ങളിൽ ബന്ധിതനായി, ആസക്തിയുടെ മധുരസ്വാദുകളിൽ മൂടപ്പെട്ടിരിക്കുന്ന മനുഷ്യനെ പലവിധ വ്യസനങ്ങളും ദുരിതങ്ങളും പിടികൂടുന്നു.

तत्that (one/thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
बद्धम्bound, fettered
बद्धम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootबन्ध्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
इन्द्रियैःby the senses
इन्द्रियैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रिय
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
पाशैःwith nooses/bonds
पाशैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपाश
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सङ्गस्वादुभिःwith sweet attachments (i.e., attachment that is sweet)
सङ्गस्वादुभिः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootसङ्गस्वादु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
आवृतम्covered, enveloped
आवृतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootआ-वृ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
व्यसनानिcalamities/misfortunes/vices
व्यसनानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्यसन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
वर्तन्तेoccur, take place, arise
वर्तन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
विविधानिvarious, manifold
विविधानि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविविध
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
नराधिपO king (lord of men)
नराधिप:
TypeNoun
Rootनराधिप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
N
narādhipa (the king addressed)

Educational Q&A

Sense-pleasures and attachment act like snares: once the mind is bound by them, diverse misfortunes and vices arise. The ethical counsel is restraint (indriya-nigraha) and vigilance against seductive attachments.

Vidura addresses a king, offering moral-political counsel. He explains how rulers (and people generally) fall into trouble when they become enslaved by sensory cravings and the sweetness of attachment.