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Shloka 10

राज्ञो वृत्त-गुण-संग्रहः (Conduct and the Thirty-Six Virtues of a King) / The King’s Code of Conduct

सेवेत प्रणयं हित्वा दक्ष: स्यान्न त्वकालवित्‌ । सान्त्वयेन्न च मोक्षाय अनुगह्नन्न चाक्षिपेत्‌

bhīṣma uvāca | seveta praṇayaṃ hitvā dakṣaḥ syān na tv akālavit | sāntvayen na ca mokṣāya anugṛhṇan na cākṣipet ||

ഭീഷ്മൻ പറഞ്ഞു—ഹഠം വിട്ട് യുക്തമായ സ്നേഹബന്ധം പാലിക്കണം; എന്നാൽ ആസക്തിയുടെ അടിമയാകരുത്. പ്രവർത്തിയിൽ ദക്ഷനായിരിക്കണം; സമയബോധമില്ലാത്തവനാകരുത്. വെറും ബാധ്യതയിൽ നിന്ന് ഒഴിയാൻ വേണ്ടി ആരെയും ആശ്വസിപ്പിക്കുകയോ ഉറപ്പ് നൽകുകയോ ചെയ്യരുത്. അനുഗ്രഹം ചെയ്യുമ്പോൾ കുറ്റപ്പെടുത്തുന്ന വാക്കുകൾ ചേർക്കരുത്।

सेवेतshould practice/serve
सेवेत:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootसेव्
FormVidhi-linga, Atmanepada, 3, Singular
प्रणयम्affection, goodwill
प्रणयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रणय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हित्वाhaving abandoned
हित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootहा
FormKtva (absolutive), Parasmaipada/Atmanepada-neutral, prior action
दक्षःcompetent, skillful
दक्षः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदक्ष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्should be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormVidhi-linga, Parasmaipada, 3, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तुbut
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
अकालवित्one who does not know the proper time/occasion
अकालवित्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअकालवित्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सान्त्वयेत्should console/placate
सान्त्वयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसान्त्वय्
FormVidhi-linga, Parasmaipada, 3, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मोक्षायfor release (from trouble)/for getting free
मोक्षाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootमोक्ष
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
अनुगृह्णन्while showing favor/helping
अनुगृह्णन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअनुग्रह्
FormShatr (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आक्षिपेत्should reproach/censure
आक्षिपेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootआक्षिप्
FormVidhi-linga, Parasmaipada, 3, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

Bhishma teaches balanced ethical conduct: do not let personal attachment distort duty; be competent and also sensitive to timing; do not console others merely to escape responsibility; and when helping, avoid reproach—aid should not humiliate the recipient.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma and governance, Bhishma continues advising Yudhishthira on refined standards of behavior—how a responsible person (especially a ruler or counselor) should manage relationships, act with timely judgment, speak sincerely, and show kindness without insult.