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Shloka 12

Kṣātra-Dharma, Daṇḍanīti, and Social Order

Indra–Māndhātṛ Dialogue

बभूव राजा राजेन्द्र मान्धाता नाम वीर्यवान्‌ | पुरा वसुमतीपालो यज्ञ चक्रे दिदृक्षया

babhūva rājā rājendra māndhātā nāma vīryavān | purā vasumatīpālo yajñaṃ cakre didṛkṣayā ||

ഭീഷ്മൻ പറഞ്ഞു—രാജേന്ദ്രാ! പുരാതനകാലത്ത് മന്ധാതാവ് എന്ന പേരുള്ള ഒരു പരാക്രമശാലിയായ രാജാവുണ്ടായിരുന്നു; അവൻ ഭൂമിയുടെ രക്ഷകനായിരുന്നു. ദർശനം നേടുവാനുള്ള ആഗ്രഹത്തിൽ പ്രേരിതനായി അവൻ ഒരു യജ്ഞം നടത്തി.

बभूवbecame/was
बभूव:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formलिट् (परोक्शभूत/परफेक्ट), प्रथम, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
राजेन्द्रःking of kings, emperor
राजेन्द्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजेन्द्र
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
मान्धाताMāndhātā (proper name)
मान्धाता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमान्धातृ (मान्धाता)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
नामby name, named
नाम:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनामन्/नाम
वीर्यवान्valorous, powerful
वीर्यवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवीर्यवत्
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
पुराformerly, in olden times
पुरा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा
वसुमतीपालःprotector/ruler of the earth
वसुमतीपालः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवसुमतीपाल
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
यज्ञम्sacrifice
यज्ञम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
चक्रेperformed, did
चक्रे:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formलिट् (परोक्शभूत/परफेक्ट), प्रथम, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद
दिदृक्षयाwith the desire to see
दिदृक्षया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदिदृक्षा (इच्छार्थक-तद्धित/कृदन्त-भाव)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
M
Māndhātṛ
R
rājendra (addressed king, i.e., Yudhiṣṭhira in context)
Y
yajña
V
vasumatī (earth)

Educational Q&A

The verse introduces an exemplary ancient king and frames yajña as a dharmic act of rulership: a righteous protector of the earth seeks higher vision/confirmation of sacred order through sacrifice, implying that political power is meant to be aligned with ritual duty and moral purpose.

Bhīṣma begins a traditional illustrative episode (itihāsa) for the king he is instructing, stating that in ancient times the powerful king Māndhātṛ, ruler of the earth, performed a yajña motivated by a desire to behold something auspicious/divine, setting up the lesson that follows.