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Shloka 12

Atithi-prāpti and the Brāhmaṇa’s Deliberation on Triadic Dharma (अतिथिप्राप्तिः धर्मत्रयविचारश्च)

प्रलयं न विजानन्ति आत्मन: परिनिर्मितम्‌ | ततस्तेनास्थिता मार्ग ध्रुवमक्षरमव्ययम्‌,इसके सिवा ब्रह्मा, रुद्”र और बलासुरका वध करनेवाले सामर्थ्यशाली इन्द्र एवं सूर्य, तारापति चन्द्रमा, वायु, अग्नि, वरुण, आकाश, पृथ्वी तथा जो अवशिष्ट देवता बताये गये हैं, वे सब कया परमात्माके रचे हुए अपने मोक्षमार्गको नहीं जानते हैं? जिससे कि निश्चल, क्षयशून्य एवं अविनाशी मार्गका आश्रय नहीं लेते हैं?

pralayaṁ na vijānanti ātmanaḥ parinirmitaṁ | tataḥ tenāsthitā mārgaṁ dhruvam akṣaram avyayam ||

ജനമേജയൻ ചോദിച്ചു—“ആത്മാവ് തന്നെ നിർമ്മിച്ച പ്രളയത്തെ അവർ ഗ്രഹിക്കുന്നില്ലേ? അതുകൊണ്ടുതന്നെയോ അവൻ സ്ഥാപിച്ച ആ ധ്രുവമായ, അക്ഷരമായ, അവ്യയമായ മാർഗത്തിൽ അവർ ശരണം ചെല്ലാത്തത്?”

प्रलयम्dissolution, destruction
प्रलयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रलय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विजानन्तिthey know, they understand
विजानन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-ज्ञा
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
आत्मनःof the Self
आत्मनः:
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
परिनिर्मितम्fully fashioned/created
परिनिर्मितम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरि-निर्मित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ततःtherefore, from that
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
तेनby that, through that
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
आस्थिताःhaving resorted to, having taken refuge in
आस्थिताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआ-स्था
FormPast active participle (kta/ktavat-type usage), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
मार्गम्path, way
मार्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमार्ग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ध्रुवम्fixed, steady
ध्रुवम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootध्रुव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अक्षरम्imperishable
अक्षरम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअक्षर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अव्ययम्unchanging, undecaying
अव्ययम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअव्यय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

जनमेजय उवाच

J
Janamejaya
Ā
Ātman (Supreme Self)
P
Pralaya
M
Mokṣa-mārga (path of liberation)
B
Brahmā
R
Rudra (Śiva)
I
Indra
S
Sūrya (Sun)
C
Candra/Soma (Moon; lord of stars)
V
Vāyu
A
Agni
V
Varuṇa
Ā
Ākāśa (ether/space)
P
Pṛthivī (Earth)
D
Devas (remaining gods)
B
Bala (asura, implied by Hindi gloss)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames liberation as an imperishable, steady path grounded in the Supreme Self, and raises a philosophical problem: even exalted gods may be ignorant of (or fail to take refuge in) the true mokṣa-path, implying that status and power do not guarantee liberating knowledge.

Janamejaya, in dialogue within the Śānti Parva’s instruction on peace and ultimate good, questions how cosmic dissolution and the Self-established path to liberation relate to the gods—asking whether even Brahmā, Rudra, Indra, and other deities fail to recognize and follow that eternal path.