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Shloka 2

अध्याय २९७ — श्रेयः, धृति, दान-नियमाः

Welfare, Steadfastness, and Norms of Giving

पिता परं दैवतं मानवानां मातुर्विशिष्टं पितरं वदन्ति । ज्ञानस्य लाभं॑ परम॑ वदन्ति जितेन्द्रियार्था: परमाप्नुवन्ति

pitā paraṁ daivataṁ mānavānāṁ mātur viśiṣṭaṁ pitaraṁ vadanti | jñānasya lābhaṁ paramaṁ vadanti jitendriyārthāḥ param āpnuvanti ||

പരാശരൻ പറഞ്ഞു—മനുഷ്യർക്കു പിതാവാണ് പരമ ദൈവം. ചിലർ പിതാവിനെ മാതാവിനേക്കാളും ശ്രേഷ്ഠനെന്ന് പറയുന്നു. ജ്ഞാനലാഭം തന്നെയാണ് പരമലാഭമെന്ന് ജ്ഞാനികൾ പറയുന്നു; ഇന്ദ്രിയങ്ങളെയും അവയുടെ വിഷയങ്ങളെയും ജയിച്ചവർ പരമപദം പ്രാപിക്കുന്നു.

पिताfather
पिता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
परम्supreme, highest
परम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दैवतम्deity, divine being
दैवतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदैवत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मानवानाम्of humans
मानवानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमानव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
मातुःof the mother
मातुः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
विशिष्टम्distinguished, superior
विशिष्टम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविशिष्ट
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पितरम्father
पितरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वदन्तिthey say
वदन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
ज्ञानस्यof knowledge
ज्ञानस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञान
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
लाभम्gain, attainment
लाभम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलाभ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
परम्supreme
परम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वदन्तिthey say
वदन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
जितेन्द्रियार्थाःthose who have conquered the senses and their objects
जितेन्द्रियार्थाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootजितेन्द्रियार्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
परम्supreme (state)
परम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आप्नुवन्तिthey attain
आप्नुवन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआप्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

पराशर उवाच

P
Parāśara
F
father (pitā)
M
mother (mātṛ)

Educational Q&A

The verse elevates reverence for one’s father as a major dharmic duty, while also asserting that the highest human attainment is the gain of true knowledge; mastery over the senses and their objects is presented as the practical discipline that leads to the supreme state.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction-oriented setting, the sage Parāśara is delivering ethical and spiritual counsel, linking social dharma (honoring parents, especially the father) with inner discipline (sense-control) and the ultimate goal (attaining the highest state through knowledge).