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Shloka 19

Brāhmaṇa-kṛtya, Āśrama-niyama, and Dāna-prasaṃsā

Duties of the Brāhmaṇa, āśrama discipline, and praise of giving

प्राज्लस्थ कर्माणि दुरन्वयानि न वै प्राज्ञो मुह्ति मोहकाले । स्थानाच्च्युतश्नेन्न मुमोह गौतम- स्तावत्‌ कृच्छामापदं प्राप्य वृद्धः

prājñastha-karmāṇi duranvayāni na vai prājño muhyati moha-kāle | sthānāc cyutaś cennamumoha gautamas tāvat kṛcchrām āpadaṁ prāpya vṛddhaḥ ||

ഭീഷ്മൻ പറഞ്ഞു— യഥാർത്ഥ ജ്ഞാനികളുടെ പ്രവൃത്തികളും വഴികളും സാധാരണർക്കു പിന്തുടരാനും ഗ്രഹിക്കാനും ദുഷ്കരം. മോഹത്തിന് അവസരം വന്നാലും ജ്ഞാനി മോഹിതനാകുന്നില്ല. അങ്ങനെ തന്നെ വൃദ്ധനായ ഗൗതമമുനി സ്ഥാനച്യുതനായി കടുത്ത ദുരന്തത്തിൽപ്പെട്ടിട്ടും ആശയക്കുഴപ്പത്തിലായില്ല.

प्राज्ञस्यof the wise man
प्राज्ञस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootप्राज्ञ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
कर्माणिactions/deeds
कर्माणि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
दुरन्वयानिhard to follow/understand (in their connection/sequence)
दुरन्वयानि:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootदुरन्वय
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
प्राज्ञःthe wise man
प्राज्ञः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्राज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मुह्यतिis deluded/gets confused
मुह्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootमुह्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
मोहकालेat the time of delusion
मोहकाले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमोहकाल
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
स्थानात्from (his) position/place
स्थानात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootस्थान
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
च्युतःfallen/deprived
च्युतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootच्युत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मुमोहwas deluded
मुमोह:
TypeVerb
Rootमुह्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
गौतमःGautama
गौतमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगौतम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तावत्even then/so much
तावत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतावत्
कृच्छ्राम्severe, painful
कृच्छ्राम्:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootकृच्छ्र
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
आपदम्calamity/misfortune
आपदम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआपद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
प्राप्यhaving reached/encountered
प्राप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Active
वृद्धःold/aged
वृद्धः:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootवृद्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
G
Gautama (sage)

Educational Q&A

True wisdom shows itself as steadiness of mind: even when circumstances invite confusion—loss of status, suffering, crisis—the discerning person does not succumb to moha (delusion). The conduct of the wise may appear difficult for common people to grasp, because it is guided by inner clarity rather than external upheaval.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma and right conduct, Bhīṣma illustrates a principle with an example: the sage Gautama, though aged and facing a harsh misfortune and displacement, remained undeluded—serving as a model of composure and ethical clarity under pressure.