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Shloka 2

रणभूमिवर्णनम् — Devāsuropama-yuddha and the ‘River’ Metaphor of the Battlefield

राज्ञश्न मतमाज्ञाय समनहात सा चमू: । अयोजयमन्‌ रथांस्तूर्ण पर्यधावंस्तथा परे,राजाका यह अभिप्राय जानकर सारी सेना युद्धके लिये सुसज्जित होने लगी। कुछ लोगोंने तुरंत ही रथ जोत दिये। दूसरे चारों ओर दौड़ने लगे। हाथी सुसज्जित किये जाने लगे। पैदल सैनिक कवच बाँधने लगे तथा अन्य सहस्रों सैनिकोंने रथोंपर आवरण डाल दिये

sañjaya uvāca | rājñaś ca matam ājñāya samanahāt sā camūḥ | ayojayan rathāṁs tūrṇaṁ paryadhāvaṁs tathā pare ||

രാജാവിന്റെ ഉദ്ദേശം അറിഞ്ഞതോടെ ആ സൈന്യം ഉടൻ തന്നെ സന്നദ്ധമായി. ചിലർ വേഗത്തിൽ രഥങ്ങൾ കെട്ടി; മറ്റുള്ളവർ എല്ലാദിക്കുകളിലേക്കും ഓടിച്ചെന്ന് യുദ്ധസന്നാഹങ്ങൾ ത്വരിതപ്പെടുത്തി.

राज्ञःof the king
राज्ञः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
मतम्intention, decision
मतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आज्ञायhaving known
आज्ञाय:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormAbsolutive (त्वान्त/ल्यप्), Parasmaipada (usage), Perfective (having known)
समनह्यतwas arrayed / got prepared
समनह्यत:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + नह्
FormImperfect (लङ्), Third, Singular, Atmanepada, Active (middle)
साthat
सा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
चमूःarmy
चमूः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचमू
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अयोजयन्they yoked / harnessed
अयोजयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootयुज् (णिच्: योजय)
FormImperfect (लङ्), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada, Causative active
रथान्chariots
रथान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तूर्णम्quickly
तूर्णम्:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतूर्ण
पर्यधावन्they ran about
पर्यधावन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपरि + धाव्
FormImperfect (लङ्), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
तथाthus, likewise
तथा:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
परेothers
परे:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
T
the king (rājā)
A
army (camūḥ)
C
chariots (rathāḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how swiftly collective action follows a ruler’s declared resolve: once the king’s intention is understood, the machinery of war moves forward almost automatically. Ethically, it points to the weight of leadership decisions and the responsibility borne by those who set events in motion.

Sañjaya reports that, upon grasping the king’s plan, the army begins immediate battle preparations: some harness chariots quickly while others run about organizing and readying the forces.