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Shloka 40

Śālva’s Elephant Assault and the Counterstroke (शाल्वस्य नागारूढाभ्यवहारः)

नानादेशसमुद्धूता नानानगरवासिनः | अवस्थितास्तदा योधा: प्रार्थयन्तो महद्‌ यश:,वे अनेक देशोंमें उत्पन्न और अनेक नगरोंके निवासी वीर सैनिक महान्‌ यशकी अभिलाषा रखते हुए वहाँ युद्ध करनेके लिये खड़े हुए थे

nānādeśasamuddhūtā nānānagaravāsinaḥ | avasthitās tadā yodhāḥ prārthayanto mahad yaśaḥ ||

സഞ്ജയൻ പറഞ്ഞു— പല ദേശങ്ങളിൽ നിന്നുയർന്നവരും പല നഗരങ്ങളിൽ വസിക്കുന്നവരുമായ യോദ്ധാക്കൾ മഹായശസ്സിനെ ആഗ്രഹിച്ച് അവിടെ യുദ്ധത്തിനായി നിരന്നു നിന്നു.

नानाvarious, many kinds of
नाना:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाना
देशfrom (many) countries/regions
देश:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootदेश
FormMasculine, Ablative, Plural
समुद्धूताःarisen/come forth (from)
समुद्धूताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-उद्-√धू (धुनोति)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नानाvarious, many kinds of
नाना:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाना
नगरin (many) cities
नगर:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनगर
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
वासिनःdwellers, residents
वासिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवासी (√वस्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अवस्थिताःstanding, stationed
अवस्थिताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअव-√स्था (तिष्ठति)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तदाthen, at that time
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
योधाःwarriors
योधाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयोध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रार्थयन्तःdesiring, seeking
प्रार्थयन्तः:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-√अर्थ (प्रार्थयति)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
महत्great
महत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यशःfame, glory
यशः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयशस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
W
warriors (yodhāḥ)
V
various regions (deśa)
V
various cities (nagara)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a common wartime impulse: people from diverse backgrounds converge on the battlefield seeking 'mahad yaśaḥ' (great fame). It implicitly invites ethical reflection on how the pursuit of renown can become a powerful driver of violence, sometimes overshadowing discernment about dharma.

Sañjaya describes the assembled fighters: warriors originating from many lands and living in many cities are standing ready for combat, motivated by the hope of winning great glory.