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Shloka 20

Go-dāna-stuti and Ghṛta-Japa

Praise of cow-gift and ghee-centered recitation

देवव्रती स्याद्‌ वृषभप्रदाने वेदावाप्तिगोयुगस्य प्रदाने । तथा गवां विधिमासाद्य यज्वा लोकानग्रयान्‌ विन्दते नाविधिज्ञ:,“जो पुरुष एक बैलका दान करता है, वह देवव्रती (सूर्यमण्डलका भेदन करके जानेवाला ब्रह्मचारी) होता है। जो एक गाय और एक बैल दान करता है उसे वेदोंकी प्राप्ति होती है, तथा जो विधिपूर्वक गोदान यज्ञ करता है उसे उत्तम लोक मिलते हैं, परन्तु जो विधिको नहीं जानता, उसे उत्तम फलकी प्राप्ति नहीं होती

bhīṣma uvāca | devavratī syād vṛṣabhapradāne vedāvāptigoyugasya pradāne | tathā gavāṁ vidhim āsādya yajvā lokān agrayān vindate nāvidhijñaḥ ||

ഭീഷ്മൻ പറഞ്ഞു—വൃഷഭദാനം ചെയ്താൽ മനുഷ്യൻ ദേവവ്രതിയാകുന്നു. ഗാവും വൃഷഭവും ചേർന്ന യുഗം ദാനം ചെയ്താൽ വേദപ്രാപ്തി ലഭിക്കുന്നു. കൂടാതെ വിധിപൂർവം ഗോদানയജ്ഞം ചെയ്യുന്നവൻ ശ്രേഷ്ഠ ലോകങ്ങൾ പ്രാപിക്കുന്നു; വിധി അറിയാത്തവന് ഉത്തമഫലം ലഭിക്കുകയില്ല.

देवव्रतीone observing a divine vow (devavrati)
देवव्रती:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवव्रतिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्would be / becomes
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
वृषभप्रदानेin the giving of a bull
वृषभप्रदाने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवृषभ-प्रदान
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
वेदावाप्तिattainment of the Vedas
वेदावाप्ति:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवेद-अवाप्ति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
गोयुगस्यof a pair of cattle (cow and bull)
गोयुगस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootगो-युग
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
प्रदानेin the giving
प्रदाने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रदान
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
तथाlikewise / and
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
गवाम्of cows
गवाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
विधिम्the proper rule/ritual procedure
विधिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविधि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आसाद्यhaving obtained/approached
आसाद्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-√सद्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada
यज्वाa sacrificer (one who performs a sacrifice)
यज्वा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयज्वन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
लोकान्worlds
लोकान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अग्रयान्excellent / foremost
अग्रयान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअग्र्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
विन्दतेfinds / obtains
विन्दते:
TypeVerb
Root√विद् (विन्द्)
FormPresent, 3, Singular, Atmanepada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अविधिज्ञःone who does not know the proper procedure
अविधिज्ञः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअ-विदि-ज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
B
bull (vṛṣabha)
C
cow/cattle (go, gāvaḥ)
V
Vedas (veda)
W
worlds/realms (lokāḥ)

Educational Q&A

Charity yields graded spiritual results, but only when performed with knowledge of dharma and proper ritual procedure (vidhi). The verse stresses that intention alone is not enough; correct method and understanding are integral to the fruit of dāna.

In Bhishma’s instruction on dharma (Anuśāsana Parva), he explains the merits of specific gifts—bull-gift, cow-and-bull gift, and properly conducted cow-gift rites—while warning that ignorance of prescribed rules diminishes or negates the highest results.