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Shloka 46

दैव–पुरुषकार-प्रश्नः

Daiva–Puruṣakāra Inquiry: Fate and Human Effort

व्ययगुणमपि साधु कर्मणा संश्रयन्ते भवति मनुजलोकाद्‌ देवलोको विशिष्ट: । बहुतरसुसमृद्ध्या मानुषाणां गृहाणि पितृवनभवनाभं दृश्यते चामराणाम्‌,जो दान करनेके कारण निर्धन हो गया है, ऐसे सत्पुरुषके पास उसके सत्कर्मके कारण देवता भी पहुँचते हैं और इस प्रकार उसका घर मनुष्यलोककी अपेक्षा श्रेष्ठ देवलोक-सा हो जाता है। परंतु जहाँ दान नहीं होता वह घर बड़ी भारी समृद्धिसे भरा हो तो भी देवताओंकी दृष्टिमें वह श्मशानके ही तुल्य जान पड़ता है

vyayaguṇam api sādhu karmaṇā saṃśrayante bhavati manujalokād devaloko viśiṣṭaḥ | bahutarasusamṛddhyā mānuṣāṇāṃ gṛhāṇi pitṛvanabhavanābhaṃ dṛśyate cāmarāṇām ||

ദാനം ചെയ്തുകൊണ്ട് ദരിദ്രനായ സൽപുരുഷനോടും അവന്റെ സത്കർമ്മഫലമായി ദേവന്മാർ സമീപിക്കുന്നു; അതിനാൽ അവന്റെ ഭവനം മനുഷ്യലോകത്തേക്കാൾ ശ്രേഷ്ഠമായ ദേവലോകംപോലെ ആകുന്നു. എന്നാൽ ദാനം ഇല്ലാത്തിടത്ത്, ഭവനം എത്ര സമൃദ്ധമായാലും ദേവദൃഷ്ടിയിൽ അത് ശ്മശാനത്തോട് തുല്യം തന്നെയാണ്।

व्ययगुणम्the quality/virtue of spending (charitable giving)
व्ययगुणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootव्ययगुण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
साधुwell; rightly
साधु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसाधु
कर्मणाby (his) deed/merit
कर्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
संश्रयन्तेtake refuge; resort (to him)
संश्रयन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-श्रि
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
भवतिbecomes; is
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
मनुजलोकात्than the world of men; from the human world
मनुजलोकात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootमनुजलोक
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
देवलोकःthe world of the gods; heaven
देवलोकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवलोक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विशिष्टःsuperior; distinguished
विशिष्टः:
TypeAdjective
Rootविशिष्ट
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बहुतरसुसमृद्ध्याby very great prosperity/abundance
बहुतरसुसमृद्ध्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबहुतर-सुसमृद्धि
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
मानुषाणाम्of men; of humans
मानुषाणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootमानुष
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
गृहाणिhouses
गृहाणि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगृह
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
पितृवनभवनाभम्resembling a pitṛ-forest dwelling (i.e., like a cremation-ground/ancestral forest)
पितृवनभवनाभम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपितृवन-भवन-आभ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दृश्यतेis seen; appears
दृश्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Passive
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अमराणाम्of the immortals (gods)
अमराणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootअमर
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
D
Devaloka (world of the gods)
M
Manujaloka (world of humans)
A
Amaras (gods)
P
Pitṛvana (cremation-ground/ancestral grove)
G
Gṛha (house/home)

Educational Q&A

Giving (dāna) sanctifies a person and a household: even if charity leads to material loss, the merit of righteous action draws divine regard, making the home 'heaven-like'; wealth without generosity is spiritually barren, likened to a cremation-ground.

In Bhishma’s instruction on dharma (Anushasana Parva), he contrasts two households: one of a virtuous giver who may have become poor yet is honored by the gods, and another rich household lacking charity that appears inauspicious and empty of merit.