Shloka 34

Adhyaya 59 — सूर्याद्यभिषेककथनम्

Surya and Related Abhisheka/ Cosmological Determinations

Devanagari script

विवस्वान् श्रावणे मासि प्रौष्ठपदे भगः स्मृतः पर्जन्यो ऽश्वयुजे मासि त्वष्टा वै कार्तिके रविः

Transliteration

vivasvān śrāvaṇe māsi prauṣṭhapade bhagaḥ smṛtaḥ parjanyo 'śvayuje māsi tvaṣṭā vai kārtike raviḥ

Translation

ശ്രാവണമാസത്തിൽ സൂര്യൻ ‘വിവസ്വാൻ’ എന്നു വിളിക്കപ്പെടുന്നു. പ്രൗഷ്ഠപദത്തിൽ അദ്ദേഹം ‘ഭഗ’ എന്ന രൂപത്തിൽ സ്മരിക്കപ്പെടുന്നു. ആശ്വയുജത്തിൽ അദ്ദേഹം ‘പർജന്യൻ’ ആകുന്നു; കാർത്തികയിൽ സൂര്യൻ തീർച്ചയായും ‘ത്വഷ്ടാ’ എന്ന നാമത്തിൽ അറിയപ്പെടുന്നു.

Word by Word

• विवस्वान् (vivasvān): Vivasvān, the radiant Sun

• श्रावणे मासि (śrāvaṇe māsi): in the month of Śrāvaṇa

• प्रौष्ठपदे (prauṣṭhapade): in Prauṣṭhapada (Bhādrapada)

• भगः (bhagaḥ): Bhaga, the bestower of fortune/portion

• स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ): is remembered/called

• पर्जन्यः (parjanyaḥ): Parjanya, rain-cloud/dispensing rain

• अश्वयुजे मासि (aśvayuje māsi): in the month of Āśvayuja (Āśvina)

• त्वष्टा (tvaṣṭā): Tvaṣṭṛ, the divine artisan/shaper

• वै (vai): indeed

• कार्तिके (kārtike): in the month of Kārtika

• रविः (raviḥ): the Sun

Speaker

Suta Goswami (narrating to the sages at Naimisharanya)

Characters & Entities

• Surya
• Vivasvan
• Bhaga
• Parjanya
• Tvashtri

FAQs

What is the importance of this verse in the context of Linga worship?

It maps the Sun’s monthly epithets, showing how kāla (time) and devatā-functions are ordered; in Linga worship this supports the Shaiva view that all time-bound powers operate under the higher Lord (Pati), Shiva, to whom the Linga is the supreme focus.

How does this verse describe the nature of Shiva (Shiva-tattva)?

Indirectly: by listing changing solar names and functions across months, it highlights that such devatā-forms are mutable within prakṛti and kāla, whereas Shiva-tattva is the unchanging Pati who transcends and governs these cosmic operations.

What ritualistic or Yogic practice is highlighted here?

A calendrical (māsa) devatā-association useful for timing vrata, homa, and pūjā; yogically it points to disciplining practice in harmony with kāla while aiming beyond kāla through Pāśupata-oriented Shiva-upāsanā.