Shloka 61

Yuga-Vibhāga and Kāla-Pramāṇa

Measures of Time and the Four Yugas

Devanagari script

पुनः प्रजास्तु ता मोहाद्धर्मा स्तानप्यपालयन् / परस्परविरोधेन मनुं ताः पुनरभ्ययुः

Transliteration

punaḥ prajāstu tā mohāddharmā stānapyapālayan / parasparavirodhena manuṃ tāḥ punarabhyayuḥ

Translation

പിന്നെയും ആ പ്രജകൾ മോഹവശാൽ ആ ധർമ്മങ്ങളെ പാലിച്ചില്ല; പരസ്പരവിരോധം മൂലം അവർ വീണ്ടും മനുവിനെ സമീപിച്ചു।

Word by Word

• punaḥ: again
• punaḥ: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: punaḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; kāla/krama-avyaya (again)

• prajāḥ: the creatures, subjects
• prajāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prajā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana

• tu: but
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; nipāta (contrast/emphasis)

• tāḥ: they (those)
• tāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana

• mohāt: from delusion
• mohāt: Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: moha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Pañcamī vibhakti (पञ्चमी/Ablative), Ekavacana

• dharmān: duties, dharmas
• dharmān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dharma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (Accusative), Bahuvacana

• tān: those
• tān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (Accusative), Bahuvacana; anuvṛtti to dharmān

• api: also, even
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; nipāta (also/even)

• apālayan: did not protect/observe
• apālayan: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: apa√pāl (धातु; causative of √pā/पाल्)
• Form: Luṅ-lakāra (लुङ्/Aorist), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Bahuvacana; parasmaipada

• paraspara-virodhena: through mutual conflict
• paraspara-virodhena: Karaṇa/Hetu (करण/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: paraspara (प्रातिपदिक) + virodha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (Instrumental), Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: 'by mutual opposition'

• manum: Manu
• manum: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (Accusative), Ekavacana

• tāḥ: they
• tāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana

• punaḥ: again
• punaḥ: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: punaḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; repetition marker

• abhyayuḥ: approached, went to
• abhyayuḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhi√yā (धातु)
• Form: Luṅ-lakāra (लुङ्/Aorist), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Bahuvacana; parasmaipada