Brahma Purana — Sāṃkhya-Yoga on Discerning Guṇas, Overcoming Bodily Doṣas, and Attaining Mokṣa, Shloka 41

Devanagari script

सात्त्विकानां च जन्तूनां दुःखं विज्ञाय भो द्विजाः ब्रह्मघ्नानां गतिं ज्ञात्वा पतितानां सुदारुणाम् //

Translation

ഇത് 240-ാം അധ്യായത്തിലെ നാൽപ്പത്തൊന്നാം ശ്ലോകമാണ്.

Word by Word

• sāttvikānām: of sāttvika (pure)
• sāttvikānām: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sāttvika (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग) (qualifying jantūnām), Genitive (6th/षष्ठī), Plural (बहुवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय-अव्यय)

• jantūnām: of creatures
• jantūnām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jantu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)

• duḥkham: suffering
• duḥkham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: duḥkha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• vijñāya: having understood
• vijñāya: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi-jñā (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), indeclinable verbal form (अव्ययकृदन्त)

• bho: O!
• bho: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: bho (अव्यय)
• Form: Vocative particle (सम्बोधन-अव्यय)

• dvijāḥ: O twice-born
• dvijāḥ: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dvija (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Plural (बहुवचन)

• brahma-ghnānām: of Brahmin-killers
• brahma-ghnānām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: brahman (प्रातिपदिक) + ghnā (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √han धातु)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) (brahmaṇaḥ ghnaḥ); Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)

• gatim: destiny, course (after death)
• gatim: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• jñātvā: having known
• jñātvā: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: jñā (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा), indeclinable verbal form (अव्ययकृदन्त)

• patitānām: of the fallen
• patitānām: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: patita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √pat धातु)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग) (qualifying brahmaghnānām), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)

• su-dāruṇām: very dreadful/terrible
• su-dāruṇām: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + dāruṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग) (qualifying patitānām/brahmaghnānām), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)

Speaker

• Teacher/narrator addressing dvijāḥ