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Shloka 9

Kṛṣṇa’s Daily Life in Dvārakā; the Captive Kings’ Appeal; Nārada Announces the Rājasūya

उपस्थायार्कमुद्यन्तं तर्पयित्वात्मन: कला: । देवानृषीन् पितॄन्वृद्धान्विप्रानभ्यर्च्य चात्मवान् ॥ ७ ॥ धेनूनां रुक्‍मश‍ृङ्गीनां साध्वीनां मौक्तिकस्रजाम् । पयस्विनीनां गृष्टीनां सवत्सानां सुवाससाम् ॥ ८ ॥ ददौ रूप्यखुराग्राणां क्षौमाजिनतिलै: सह । अलङ्कृतेभ्यो विप्रेभ्यो बद्वं बद्वं दिने दिने ॥ ९ ॥

upasthāyārkam udyantaṁ tarpayitvātmanaḥ kalāḥ devān ṛṣīn pitṝn vṛddhān viprān abhyarcya cātmavān

പ്രതിദിനം ഭഗവാൻ ഉദയസൂര്യനെ ഉപസ്ഥാനം ചെയ്ത്, തന്റെ തന്നെ അംശങ്ങളായ ദേവന്മാർ, ഋഷികൾ, പിതൃകൾ എന്നിവർക്കു തർപ്പണം അർപ്പിച്ചു. തുടർന്ന് ആത്മനിയമമുള്ള പ്രഭു മൂപ്പന്മാരെയും ബ്രാഹ്മണരെയും ശ്രദ്ധാപൂർവ്വം ആരാധിച്ചു. അലങ്കരിച്ച ബ്രാഹ്മണർക്കു അദ്ദേഹം ശാന്തസ്വഭാവമുള്ള, വളർത്തിയ, പാൽ സമൃദ്ധമായ, ഒരിക്കൽ മാത്രം കിടാവിനെ പ്രസവിച്ച, കിടാക്കളോടുകൂടിയ പശുക്കളുടെ കൂട്ടങ്ങൾ ദാനം ചെയ്തു—അവയുടെ കൊമ്പുകൾ സ്വർണ്ണപൂശിയതും, കഴുത്തിൽ മുത്തുമാലകളും, നല്ല വസ്ത്രങ്ങളും, കുളമ്പുകളുടെ മുൻഭാഗം വെള്ളിപൂശിയതുമായിരുന്നു. പ്രതിദിനം 13,084 പശുക്കളുടെ പല കൂട്ടങ്ങൾക്കും കൂടെ ലിനൻ വസ്ത്രം, മാൻതോൽ, എള്ള് എന്നിവയും പണ്ഡിത ബ്രാഹ്മണർക്കു നൽകി.

dhenūnāmof cows
dhenūnām:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (possessive/descriptor)
TypeNoun
Rootdhenu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural
rukma-śṛṅgīnāmwith golden horns
rukma-śṛṅgīnām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootrukma (प्रातिपदिक) + śṛṅgin (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa compound (तत्पुरुष): ‘having golden horns’; Feminine, Genitive plural; qualifying dhenūnām
sādhvīnāmgentle/virtuous
sādhvīnām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsādhvī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Genitive plural; qualifying dhenūnām
mauktika-srajāmadorned with pearl garlands
mauktika-srajām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmauktika (प्रातिपदिक) + sraj (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa compound: ‘having pearl-garlands’; Feminine, Genitive plural; qualifying dhenūnām
payasvinīnāmmilk-yielding
payasvinīnām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpayasvinī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Genitive plural; qualifying dhenūnām
gṛṣṭīnāmfirst-calvers (gṛṣṭī-cows)
gṛṣṭīnām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootgṛṣṭī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Genitive plural; ‘first-calf heifers/cows that have calved once’; qualifying dhenūnām
savatsānāmwith calves
savatsānām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa-vatsa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (upapada) ‘with calves’; Feminine, Genitive plural; qualifying dhenūnām
suvāsasāmwell-covered/well-clothed
suvāsasām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu-vāsas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormKarmadhāraya: ‘well-clothed’; Feminine, Genitive plural; qualifying dhenūnām
dadauhe gave
dadau:
Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootdā (धातु √दा)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
rūpya-khurāgrāṇāmwith silvered hoof-tips
rūpya-khurāgrāṇām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootrūpya (प्रातिपदिक) + khura-agra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa: ‘silver-hoof-tipped’ (silver at the front of the hooves); Feminine, Genitive plural; qualifying dhenūnām
kṣauma-ajina-tilaiḥwith linen, deerskins, and sesame
kṣauma-ajina-tilaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण; accompaniment/means)
TypeNoun
Rootkṣauma (प्रातिपदिक) + ajina (प्रातिपदिक) + tila (प्रातिपदिक)
FormDvandva (इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व): ‘linen, deerskins, and sesame’; Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural
sahatogether with
saha:
Sahārtha (सहार्थ; accompaniment)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsaha (अव्यय)
FormIndeclinable preposition/adverb (सह—सहयोगार्थक अव्यय) governing instrumental
alaṅkṛtebhyaḥto the adorned (ones)
alaṅkṛtebhyaḥ:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान; recipient)
TypeAdjective
Rootalaṅkṛta (धातु √कृ, उपसर्ग अलम्; क्त)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Plural; used substantively ‘to the adorned (brāhmaṇas)’
viprebhyaḥto the brāhmaṇas
viprebhyaḥ:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootvipra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Dative plural
badvamin groups / each batch
badvam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootbadva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAdverbial accusative (क्रियाविशेषणरूपेण द्वितीया), used as distributive ‘in groups/each time’ (textual form badvaṁ)
badvamagain and again / batch by batch
badvam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootbadva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormRepetition for distributive emphasis (पुनरुक्ति)
dineon a day
dine:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण; time)
TypeNoun
Rootdina (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular
dineday by day
dine:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण; time)
TypeNoun
Rootdina (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative singular; repetition indicating ‘day after day’

Śrīdhara Svāmī quotes several Vedic scriptures to show that in the context of Vedic ritual, a badva here refers to 13,084 cows. The words badvaṁ badvaṁ dine dine indicate that Lord Kṛṣṇa would give the learned brāhmaṇas many such groups of cows on a daily basis. Śrīdhara Svāmī further gives evidence that the usual practice for great saintly kings in previous ages was to give 107 such badva, or groups of 13,084 cows. Thus the total number of cows given in this sacrifice, known as Mañcāra, is 14 lakhs, or 1,400,000.

Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa

FAQs

This verse shows Śrī Kṛṣṇa following a disciplined morning routine—worship, honoring devas, sages, forefathers, elders, and brāhmaṇas—teaching that dharma and gratitude are integral to ideal life.

Kṛṣṇa exemplified generosity and brāhmaṇa-sevā, giving richly adorned cows and supporting sacred culture, thereby modeling righteous kingship and devotional charity.

Keep a steady daily sādhana, show respect to elders and teachers, practice gratitude to ancestors, and give regular charity—especially to spiritual causes and those who uphold knowledge and virtue.