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Shloka 45

Uddhava Meets the Gopīs: Bhramara-gītā and Kṛṣṇa’s Message of Separation

कस्मात् कृष्ण इहायाति प्राप्तराज्यो हताहित: । नरेन्द्रकन्या उद्वाह्य प्रीत: सर्वसुहृद् वृत: ॥ ४५ ॥

kasmāt kṛṣṇa ihāyāti prāpta-rājyo hatāhitaḥ narendra-kanyā udvāhya prītaḥ sarva-suhṛd-vṛtaḥ

കൃഷ്ണൻ ഇവിടെ എന്തിന് വരണം? രാജ്യം നേടിയിരിക്കുന്നു, ശത്രുക്കളെ വധിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നു, രാജകുമാരിമാരെ വിവാഹം ചെയ്തിരിക്കുന്നു; അവിടെ എല്ലാ സുഹൃത്തുക്കളും ഹിതൈഷികളും ചുറ്റിനിൽക്കേ സന്തുഷ്ടനാണ്।

kasmātfrom what cause?/why
kasmāt:
Hetu/Apadana (हेतु/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (किम्) सर्वनाम
Formपुं/नपुंसक, पञ्चमी (5th), एकवचन; interrogative ablative
kṛṣṇaḥKṛṣṇa
kṛṣṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
ihahere
iha:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiha (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (देशवाचक अव्यय)
āyāticomes
āyāti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootā-i (आ-इ) धातु
Formलट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन
prāpta-rājyaḥhaving obtained kingship
prāpta-rājyaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootprāpta (प्राप्त) < prāp (प्राप्) धातु, क्त + rājya (राज्य) (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (राज्यं प्राप्तः), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; qualifies kṛṣṇaḥ
hata-ahitaḥhaving slain enemies/evil-doers
hata-ahitaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roothata (हत) < han (हन्) धातु, क्त + ahita (अहित) (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (अहितं हतः), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; qualifies kṛṣṇaḥ
narendra-kanyāḥdaughters of kings
narendra-kanyāḥ:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootnarendra (नरेन्द्र) + kanyā (कन्या) (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (नरेन्द्रस्य कन्याः), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन
udvāhyahaving married
udvāhya:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootud-vah (उद्-वह्) धातु, ल्यप् (क्त्वा-सम)
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वार्थ/ल्यप्), ‘having married/taken in marriage’
prītaḥpleased
prītaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootprīta (प्रीत) < prī (प्री) धातु, क्त
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; state of kṛṣṇaḥ
sarva-suhṛd-vṛtaḥsurrounded by all friends
sarva-suhṛd-vṛtaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (सर्व) + suhṛd (सुहृद्) + vṛta (वृत) < vṛ (वृ) धातु, क्त
Formतत्पुरुष (सर्वैः सुहृद्भिः वृतः), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
K
Krishna

FAQs

This verse voices the gopīs’ sorrowful logic in separation: Krishna is now established as a royal hero, married into royal families, and surrounded by friends—so, from their viewpoint, He has little worldly reason to come back, intensifying their viraha-bhakti.

In the Bhramara-gītā section, Śrīmatī Rādhārāṇī (representing the gopīs’ mood) speaks to a bumblebee, treating it like a messenger connected with Krishna, while lamenting His life in Dvārakā.

It teaches steadiness in devotion even when God seems “distant”: instead of reducing bhakti to convenience or visible reciprocation, one deepens remembrance, longing, and sincerity—turning separation into intensified spiritual focus.