Mantra 25

Sukta 4

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

अपूपापिहितान् कुम्भान् यांस्ते देवा अधारयन्। ते ते सन्तु स्वधावन्तो मधुमन्तो घृतश्चुतः

IAST Transliteration

apūpāpihitā́n kumbhā́n yā́ṃs te devā́ adhā́rayan | té te santu svadhā́vanto madhúvanto ghṛtaścútaḥ

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

The jars which the Gods set in place for thee, covered over with sacrificial cakes—may those be thine, endowed with svadhā, honey-sweet, and dripping with ghee.

Translation

അപൂപകളാൽ മൂടപ്പെട്ട, ദേവന്മാർ നിനക്കായി സ്ഥാപിച്ച ആ കുംഭങ്ങൾ—അവ നിനക്കുള്ളതാകട്ടെ; സ്വധാവന്ത (സ്വധാ-ശക്തിയുള്ള), മധുമന്ത (തേൻമധുരമുള്ള), ഘൃതശ്ചുത (നെയ്യ് തുളുമ്പുന്ന) ആയിരിക്കട്ടെ.

Word by Word

• अपूप: cakes, sacrificial breads
• अपूप: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: अपूप (प्रातिपदिक)

• अपिहितान्: covered, closed
• अपिहितान्: कर्म (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective (past passive participle)
• Root: अपि-√धा (धातु) → अपिहित (कृदन्त)

• कुम्भान्: pots, jars
• कुम्भान्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुम्भ (प्रातिपदिक)

• यान्: which (those)
• यान्: कर्म (सम्बन्ध-प्रत्यवस्थानम्)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• ते: of you, your
• ते: सम्बन्ध (अधिकार/स्वामित्व)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• देवाः: the gods
• देवाः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• अधारयन्: they placed/held/supported
• अधारयन्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √धृ (धातु)

• ते: those (they/these)
• ते: कर्तृ (आशीर्वाद-वाक्ये विषयः)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• ते: for you, to you
• ते: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सन्तु: let them be
• सन्तु: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् (धातु)

• स्वधावन्तः: possessing svadhā (funerary/ancestral offering-power)
• स्वधावन्तः: कर्तृ (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्वधा + वत् (प्रातिपदिक) → स्वधावत्

• मधुमन्तः: honeyed, sweet
• मधुमन्तः: कर्तृ (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मधु + मन्त् (प्रातिपदिक) → मधुमन्त्

• घृतश्चुतः: dripping with ghee
• घृतश्चुतः: कर्तृ (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective (past passive participle in compound)
• Root: घृत + √च्युत्/√च्यु (धातु) → च्युत (कृदन्त) ; समासः घृत-च्युत

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic funerary tradition (AV 18 corpus).

Devata: Devāḥ (as instituting agents) with strong Pitṛ-oriented semantic frame via svadhā.

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (probable; common for benedictive couplets in AV 18, edition-dependent).

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"From divine establishment → transfer of ownership → crescendo of sweetness and richness.","listener_experience":"Comfort through images of plenty; wonder at the ‘prepared provision’ for the beyond.","intensity":5}