Atharva Veda 18.2.17: Kanda 18, Anuvaka 1, Sukta 2, Mantra 17

Sukta 2

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

ये युध्य॑न्ते प्र॒धने॑षु॒ शूरा॑सो॒ ये त॑नू॒त्यजः॑ । ये वा॑ स॒हस्र॑दक्षिणा॒स्तांश्चिदे॒वापि॑ गच्छतात्

IAST Transliteration

yé yúdhyante pradháneṣu śū́rāso yé tanū-tyájaḥ | yé vā sahásra-dakṣiṇās tā́ṁś cid evā́pi gacchatāt ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

They who fight in battles, the heroes; they who have left the body; or they who are thousand-fee givers—unto those, even unto them also, may he go.

Translation

പ്രധാന യുദ്ധങ്ങളിൽ പൊരുതുന്ന ശൂരന്മാർ; ദേഹം വിട്ടുപോയവർ; അല്ലെങ്കിൽ സഹസ്ര-ദക്ഷിണ (ആയിരം ദാന-ഫീ) നൽകുന്നവർ—അവരിലേക്കും, അതെ, അവരിലേക്കും അവൻ പോകട്ടെ.

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Word by Word

• ये: who (those who)
• ये: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• युध्यन्ते: fight, engage in battle
• युध्यन्ते: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: युध् (धातु)

• प्रधनेषु: in battles, in contests
• प्रधनेषु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रधन (प्रातिपदिक)

• शूरासः: heroes, brave men
• शूरासः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: शूर (प्रातिपदिक)

• ये: who (those who)
• ये: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• तनूत्यजः: life-surrenderers; those who give up their bodies (in battle)
• तनूत्यजः: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: तनू-त्यज (समास; प्रातिपदिक)

• ये: who (those who)
• ये: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• वा: or
• वा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (निपात)

• सहस्रदक्षिणाः: having a thousand fees/gifts (as dakṣiṇā); richly rewarding
• सहस्रदक्षिणाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: सहस्र-दक्षिणा (समास; प्रातिपदिक)

• तान्: them
• तान्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• चिद्: even
• चिद्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चिद् (निपात)

• एव: indeed, just
• एव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (निपात)

• अपि: also
• अपि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (निपात)

• गच्छतात्: let (it) go; may (it) reach
• गच्छतात्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)

Attribution

Rishi: AV 18 funerary corpus (variable).

Devata: Pitṛs of heroic/donor classes; implicit Yama as ruler of the dead.

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh

Mantra Rasa

Primary: vira

Secondary: shanta