Rig Veda 8.77.10: Mandala 8, Sukta 77, Mantra 10

Sukta 8.77

Devata: Indra (with Vishnu as cooperating power)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

विश्वेत्ता विष्णुराभरदुरुक्रमस्त्वेषितः । शतं महिषान्क्षीरपाकमोदनं वराहमिन्द्र एमुषम् ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 8.77.10

Transliteration

viśvā́ ít tā́ víṣṇur ā́bharad urukramás tvā́iṣitaḥ | śatáṃ mahiṣā́n kṣīrapākám odanám varāhám índra emuṣám ||

Translation

Indeed Vishnu of the wide strides brought all these to you, urged by your blazing will: a hundred powerful energies, the milk-cooked nourishment, and the boar—Emuṣa—O Indra, as a force to be mastered and transformed.

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Word by Word

• विश्वे: all (the gods/ones)
• विश्वे: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: विश्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• इत्ता: thus, in this manner
• इत्ता: Adhikaraṇa (manner) / Avyaya (manner)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इत्था/इत्त (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक; वैदिक रूप)

• विष्णुः: Viṣṇu
• विष्णुः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: विष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)

• आ: towards, hither; (as verbal prefix)
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग)

• अभरत्: bore, carried, brought
• अभरत्: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भृ (भरणे)

• उरुक्रमः: wide-striding (Viṣṇu)
• उरुक्रमः: Kartā (apposition to विष्णुः)
• Type: Adjective (epithet)
• Root: उरु-क्रम (बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय-समास; प्रातिपदिक)

• त्वेषितः: impelled/urged; blazing, stirred
• त्वेषितः: Kartā (apposition to विष्णुः)
• Type: Participle/Adjective
• Root: √त्विष् (दीप्तौ) → त्वेषित (कृदन्त)

• शतम्: a hundred
• शतम्: Karma (quantifier)
• Type: Numeral/Adjective
• Root: शत (प्रातिपदिक)

• महिषान्: buffaloes
• महिषान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: महिष (प्रातिपदिक)

• क्षीरपाकम्: milk-cooking; milk-porridge
• क्षीरपाकम्: Karma (appositional/secondary object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षीर-पाक (समास; प्रातिपदिक)

• ओदनम्: cooked rice, gruel
• ओदनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ओदन (प्रातिपदिक)

• वराहम्: boar
• वराहम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वराह (प्रातिपदिक)

• इन्द्र: O Indra
• इन्द्र: Sampradāna (addressed deity)
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• एमुषम्: Emuṣa (name of the boar/foe)
• एमुषम्: Karma
• Type: Proper Noun
• Root: एमुष (प्रातिपदिक; वैदिक नाम)