Rig Veda 4.45.1 — Mandala 4, Sukta 45, Mantra 1
Sukta 4.45
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Aśvinau (context of adjacent hymns; this sukta continues Aśvin imagery)
Chandas: Jagatī or Triṣṭubh (verse appears longer; exact meter requires scansion—left as probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
एष स्य भानुरुदियर्ति युज्यते रथः परिज्मा दिवो अस्य सानवि । पृक्षासो अस्मिन्मिथुना अधि त्रयो दृतिस्तुरीयो मधुनो वि रप्शते ॥
Transliteration
eṣá syá bhānúr úd iyarti yujyáte ráthaḥ pári-jmā divó asyá sānavi | pṛkṣā́so asmín mithunā́ ádhi tráyo dṛ́tis turī́yo mádhuno ví rapśate ||
Translation
This radiance rises; the all-circling chariot is yoked upon the ridge of heaven. Here the paired steeds are set; three skins and a fourth of honey are spread out in their fullness.
Word by Word
एषःthis (one)
एषः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
स्यःindeed, just
स्यः:
—
TypeIndeclinable/Particle
Rootस्य (deictic particle/pronoun, Vedic)
भानुःbeam, radiance (sun-ray)
भानुः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootभानु (prātipadika)
उद्up, forth
उद्:
—
TypeIndeclinable/Preverb
Rootउद् (upasarga)
ईयर्तिsets in motion, raises
ईयर्ति:
—
TypeVerb
Rootईर् (धातु; √īr ‘to set in motion, raise’)
युज्यतेis yoked, is harnessed
युज्यते:
—
TypeVerb
Rootयुज् (धातु; √yuj ‘to yoke, join’)
रथःchariot
रथः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (prātipadika)
परिaround
परि:
—
TypeIndeclinable/Preverb
Rootपरि (upasarga)
ज्मा(one) going around, circling
ज्मा:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootज्मन्/ज्मा (Vedic prātipadika; ‘course/going, circuit’)
दिवःof heaven, of the sky
दिवः:
—
TypeNoun
Rootदिव्/द्यौ (prātipadika)
अस्यof him/its
अस्य:
—
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
सानविon the ridge/summit
सानवि:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootसानु (prātipadika)
पृक्षासःsprinklings, minglings (drops/mixtures)
पृक्षासः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootपृक्षा (prātipadika; ‘sprinklings/mixtures’, Vedic)
अस्मिन्in this (one/place)
अस्मिन्:
Adhikaraṇa
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
मिथुनाa pair, two together
मिथुना:
Kartā
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootमिथुन (prātipadika)
अधिupon, over
अधि:
—
TypeIndeclinable/Preverb
Rootअधि (upasarga)
त्रयःthree
त्रयः:
Kartā
TypeNumeral/Adjective
Rootत्रि (संख्याप्रातिपदिक)
दृतिःskin-bag, leather vessel
दृतिः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootदृति (prātipadika)
तुरीयःthe fourth
तुरीयः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootतुरीय (ordinal prātipadika)
मधुनःof honey/sweetness (mead)
मधुनः:
—
TypeNoun
Rootमधु (prātipadika)
विapart, forth
वि:
—
TypeIndeclinable/Preverb
Rootवि (upasarga)
रप्शतेsprays forth, scatters
रप्शते:
—
TypeVerb
Rootरप्श् (धातु; √rapś ‘to scatter/sprinkle, spurt’, Vedic)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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