Rig Veda 4.17.9 — Mandala 4, Sukta 17, Mantra 9

Sukta 4.17

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अयं वृतश्चातयते समीचीर्य आजिषु मघवा शृण्व एकः । अयं वाजं भरति यं सनोत्यस्य प्रियासः सख्ये स्याम ॥

Transliteration

ayáṃ vṛ́taś cātayate samīcī́r yá ā́jiṣu maghávā śṛṇvá ékaḥ | ayáṃ vā́jaṃ bharati yáṃ sanóty asyá priyā́saḥ sakhyé syāma ||

Translation

This one drives away the closed obstruction and sets the right-moving currents; he alone, the bountiful, is heard in the battles. This one brings the plenitude of force which he wins—may we be his beloveds in the bond of friendship.

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Word by Word

• अयम्: this (he)
• अयम्: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• वृतः: covered; obstructed
• वृतः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: √वृ (वरणे) → वृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• चातयते: drives away; cleaves
• चातयते: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √चातय्/√चत् (चातने/छेदने; ‘to split, drive away’)

• समीचीः: the straight/right (paths/ways)
• समीचीः: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समीचि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘straight/true/right’)

• यः: who
• यः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• आजिषु: in battles/contests
• आजिषु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: आजी (प्रातिपदिक; ‘race, contest, battle’)

• मघवा: the bountiful one (Indra)
• मघवा: Kartā
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: मघवन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘bountiful, generous’)

• शृण्वे: is famed/heard; is renowned
• शृण्वे: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √श्रु (श्रवणे)

• एकः: alone; single
• एकः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एक (प्रातिपदिक)

• अयम्: this (he)
• अयम्: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• वाजम्: the prize; victory
• वाजम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाज (प्रातिपदिक; ‘prize, strength, food, victory’)

• भरति: brings; bears
• भरति: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भृ (भरणे)

• यम्: which; whom
• यम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सनोति: wins; gains
• सनोति: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √सन्/√सन्ु (सने/लाभे; ‘to win, gain’)

• अस्य: of him; his
• अस्य: Sambandha (genitive)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रियासः: dear ones; favorites
• प्रियासः: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: प्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)

• सख्ये: in friendship
• सख्ये: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: सख्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘friendship, alliance’)

• स्याम: may we be
• स्याम: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् (भू; ‘to be’) → स्या- (विधिलिङ्-आदेश)