Rig Veda 3.4.1: Mandala 3, Sukta 4, Mantra 1

Sukta 3.4

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (traditional for RV 3.4)

Devata: Agni (as Hotṛ and inviter of the gods)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

समित्समित्सुमना बोध्यस्मे शुचाशुचा सुमतिं रासि वस्वः । आ देव देवान्यजथाय वक्षि सखा सखीन्त्सुमना यक्ष्यग्ने ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 3.4.1

Transliteration

samít-samit su-mánā bodhy asmé śucā́śucā su-matíṃ rāsi vásvaḥ | ā́ deva devā́n yajáthāya vakṣi sakhā́ sakhī́n su-mánā yakṣy agne ||

Translation

Kindle thyself at every fuel, become awakened in us with a glad mind; O pure one, give us the good thought, O dweller in riches. O god, bring the gods for the sacrifice; as friend of friends, with a glad mind, offer, O Agni.

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Word by Word

• समित्: kindling-stick, fuel
• समित्: अधिकारण (हेतौ/निमित्ते) / कर्म (यक्ष्य-प्रसङ्गे)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सम्-इध् (इन्ध्) / समिध् (प्रातिपदिक)

• समित्: kindling-stick (again; distributive emphasis)
• समित्: अधिकारण/कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: समिध् (प्रातिपदिक)

• सुमना: good-minded, gracious
• सुमना: सम्बोधन
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-मनस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• बोधि: be awake; take notice
• बोधि: (क्रिया) —
• Type: Verb
• Root: बुध्

• अस्मे: to us / for us
• अस्मे: सम्प्रदान (to us) / सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• शुचा: with brightness, with flame/purity
• शुचा: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: शुच् (प्रातिपदिक ‘शुचि/शुच्’)

• अशुचा: with (even) non-brightness/soot; with the dark (i.e., amid smoke)
• अशुचा: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: अ-शुच् (नञ्-पूर्वक)

• सुमतिम्: good thought, good counsel, favor
• सुमतिम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: सु-मति (प्रातिपदिक)

• रासि: grant, give
• रासि: (क्रिया) —
• Type: Verb
• Root: रा (दा-अर्थे ‘to give, grant’)

• वस्वः: of wealth; of riches
• वस्वः: सम्बन्ध (genitive of possession/abundance)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसु (प्रातिपदिक)

• आ: hither, towards; (prefix)
• आ: (क्रियाविशेषण) —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• देव: O god (Agni)
• देव: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• देवान्: the gods
• देवान्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• यजथाय: for the worship; for the sacrifice
• यजथाय: सम्प्रदान/प्रयोजन (for the worship/rite)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यजथ (प्रातिपदिक; ‘यजथ’ = worship/service; also ‘यजथ’ as act of worship)

• वक्षि: bring, convey
• वक्षि: (क्रिया) —
• Type: Verb
• Root: वह् (वहति) with preverb आ (आ-वह्) in sense ‘bring/convey’

• सखा: friend
• सखा: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: सखि (प्रातिपदिक)

• सखीन्: friends (companions)
• सखीन्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: सखि (प्रातिपदिक)

• सुमना: good-minded, kindly
• सुमना: सम्बोधन
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-मनस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• यक्षि: sacrifice; worship
• यक्षि: (क्रिया) —
• Type: Verb
• Root: यज्

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)