Rig Veda 2.28.9: Mandala 2, Sukta 28, Mantra 9

Sukta 2.28

Rishi: Gṛtsamada (Bhārgava)

Devata: Varuṇa (with Uṣas as supportive imagery)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

पर ऋणा सावीरध मत्कृतानि माहं राजन्नन्यकृतेन भोजम् । अव्युष्टा इन्नु भूयसीरुषास आ नो जीवान्वरुण तासु शाधि ॥

Transliteration

pára ṛṇā́ sāvīr ádha mát-kṛtāni mā́haṃ rājan anyá-kṛtena bhójam | avy-uṣṭā́ ín nu bhū́yasīr uṣā́sa ā́ no jīvā́n varuṇa tā́su śā́dhi ||

Translation

Cast away the debts (burdens) and then those faults made by me; O King, let me not suffer for what another has done. Let the Dawns be yet more unwithheld for us; bring us to living, O Varuṇa—set us to right accomplishment within those awakenings.

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Word by Word

• पर: away, off; forth
• पर: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पर (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक) अथवा √पॄ (पूरणे) से व्युत्पन्न

• ऋणाः: debts, obligations
• ऋणाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋण (प्रातिपदिक)

• सावीः: drive away, remove (you should remove)
• सावीः: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √सू (सवने/प्रसवे) ; सावीः = लोट्/आशीर्लिङ् रूप (वेदिक)

• अध: then, and then
• अध: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अध (निपात)

• मत्कृतानि: (sins/deeds) done by me
• मत्कृतानि: Karma
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: मत् (अस्मद्-षष्ठी/सम्बन्ध) + कृत (√कृ) ; प्रातिपदिक: मत्कृत

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (निषेध)

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• राजन्: O king (Varuṇa)
• राजन्: —
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अन्यकृतेन: by what is done by another; through another’s deed
• अन्यकृतेन: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक) + कृत (√कृ) ; प्रातिपदिक: अन्यकृत

• भोजम्: may I suffer/partake (the consequence)
• भोजम्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भुज् (भोगे/पालने) ; भोजम् = 1sg opt./subj. (वेदिक) अथवा injunctive

• अव्युष्टाः: not yet dawned; undawned
• अव्युष्टाः: Kartā (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ- (नञ्) + व्युष्ट (√वस्/√उष् ‘प्रभाते/उषसि’) ; प्रातिपदिक: अव्युष्ट

• इत्: indeed, just
• इत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इद्/इत् (निपात)

• नु: now, indeed
• नु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नु (निपात)

• भूयसीः: more, many
• भूयसीः: Kartā (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भूयस् (तुलनात्मक-प्रातिपदिक ‘more’)

• उषासः: dawns
• उषासः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: उषस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• आ: to, toward; hither
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• नः: to us; for us
• नः: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• जीवान्: living, alive
• जीवान्: Karma (फल-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: √जीव् (जीवने) ; वर्तमान कृदन्त: जीवन्

• वरुण: O Varuṇa
• वरुण: —
• Type: Noun
• Root: वरुण (प्रातिपदिक)

• तासु: in those (dawns)
• तासु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम)

• शाधि: set in order, make (it) right; grant/ordain
• शाधि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √शास् (शासने/अनुशासने)