Rig Veda 2.2.10: Mandala 2, Sukta 2, Mantra 10

Sukta 2.2

Rishi: Gṛtsamada (Bhārgava)

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

वयमग्ने अर्वता वा सुवीर्यं ब्रह्मणा वा चितयेमा जनाँ अति । अस्माकं द्युम्नमधि पञ्च कृष्टिषूच्चा स्वर्ण शुशुचीत दुष्टरम् ॥

Transliteration

vayám agne árvātā vā su-vī́ryaṃ bráhmaṇā vā citayemā jánāṃ áti | asmā́kaṃ dyumnám ádhi páñca kṛ́ṣṭiṣū́ccā́ svàrṇá śuśucīta dúṣṭaram ||

Translation

We, O Agni, by the steed of force or by the power of mantra, would rise beyond the human limitations. Let our luminous glory stand above the five tribes; blaze high like the sun’s truth-light—hard to assail, impossible to cross.

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Word by Word

• वयम्: we
• वयम्: कर्तृ
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि

• अर्वता: with a steed / by a horse
• अर्वता: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्वत्

• वा: or
• वा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा

• सुवीर्यम्: good hero-power / excellent valor
• सुवीर्यम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: सु-वीर्य

• ब्रह्मणा: with sacred formulation / prayer
• ब्रह्मणा: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन्

• वा: or
• वा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा

• चितयेमा: may we perceive/notice; may we make known
• चितयेमा: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: चित् (चितयति)

• जनान्: peoples; men
• जनान्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन

• अति: beyond; over
• अति: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अति

• अस्माकम्: of us; our
• अस्माकम्: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• द्यु॒म्नम्: splendor; glory
• द्यु॒म्नम्: कर्तृ (अर्थे: ‘our glory (be) …’) / कर्म (context-dependent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्यु॒म्न

• अधि: upon; over
• अधि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अधि

• पञ्च: five
• पञ्च: —
• Type: Numeral
• Root: पञ्च

• कृष्टिषु: among the (five) tribes/peoples
• कृष्टिषु: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृष्टि

• उच्चा: high; aloft
• उच्चा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उच्चैस् (उच्चा)

• स्वर्ण: sunlight; heaven’s light
• स्वर्ण: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वर्

• शुशुचीत: has shone brightly; has blazed
• शुशुचीत: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: शुच् (शोचति/शुच्यति) → शुशुच् (intensive)

• दुष्टरम्: hard to surpass; irresistible
• दुष्टरम्: विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दु-स्तर (स्तॄ/स्तॄणोति ‘to cross/overcome’ → ‘hard to overcome’)