Rig Veda 10.86.1: Mandala 10, Sukta 86, Mantra 1

Sukta 10.86

Rishi: Traditionally: Indra-related dialogue hymn; RV 10.86 often connected with Indra and Vṛṣākapi (and Indrāṇī) in later tradition

Devata: Indra (with Vṛṣākapi as prominent figure)

Chandas: Trishtubh (likely; narrative/dialogue hymns commonly Triṣṭubh)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

वि हि सोतोरसृक्षत नेन्द्रं देवममंसत । यत्रामदद्वृषाकपिरर्यः पुष्टेषु मत्सखा विश्वस्मादिन्द्र उत्तरः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 10.86.1

Transliteration

ví hí sotór ásṛkṣata néndraṃ devám amaṃsata | yátrā́madad vṛṣā́kapi r aryáḥ púṣṭeṣu mát-sakhā víśvasmād índra úttaraḥ ||

Translation

The pressings have flowed out, yet they did not satisfy Indra the god. For where Vṛṣākapi exulted—noble, amid the plenitudes, my comrade—there Indra rose beyond all: the higher force seeking the true intoxication.

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Word by Word

• वि: apart, forth (preverb)
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (upasarga) / √वि (विभज्-भाव) (as preverb)

• हि: indeed, for
• हि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (nipāta)

• सोतारः: the Soma-pressers
• सोतारः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोताṛ (प्रातिपदिक) < √सु (सुनोति) ‘to press (Soma)’

• असृक्षत: they let loose / sent forth
• असृक्षत: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √सृज् (सृजति) ‘to let go, send forth’

• न: not
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (nipāta)

• इन्द्रम्: Indra
• इन्द्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• देवम्: the god
• देवम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• अमंसत: they thought/esteemed (him)
• अमंसत: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मन् (मन्यते/मनुते) ‘to think, deem, honor’

• यत्र: where
• यत्र: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यत्र (relative adverb)

• अमदत्: he rejoiced / was exhilarated
• अमदत्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मद् (मदति) ‘to be exhilarated, rejoice’

• वृषाकपिः: Vṛṣākapi
• वृषाकपिः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृषाकपि (प्रातिपदिक) (proper name/epithet)

• अर्यः: the noble/Ārya
• अर्यः: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: अर्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• पुष्टेषु: in prosperities / in nourishments
• पुष्टेषु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुष्टि (प्रातिपदिक)

• मत्सखाः: my friend
• मत्सखाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: मत्सखा (प्रातिपदिक) = मत् ‘me’ + सखा ‘friend’

• विश्वस्मात्: from everyone / from all
• विश्वस्मात्: Apādāna
• Type: Adjective (substantivized)
• Root: विश्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• इन्द्रः: Indra
• इन्द्रः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• उत्तरः: higher, superior
• उत्तरः: —
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्तर (प्रातिपदिक)