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Rig Veda 1.81.3: Mandala 1, Sukta 81, Mantra 3

Sukta 1.81

Rishi: Gautama Rāhūgaṇa (traditionally)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

यदुदीरत आजयो धृष्णवे धीयते धना । युक्ष्वा मदच्युता हरी कं हनः कं वसौ दधोऽस्माँ इन्द्र वसौ दधः ॥

yad udīrata ājayo dhṛṣṇave dhīyate dhanā | yukṣva mada-cyutā harī kaṃ hanaḥ kaṃ vasau dadho 'smāṃ indra vasau dadhaḥ ||

When the battles rise and the riches are set for the bold, yoke thy two bay steeds, O thou whose rapture overflows. Whom wilt thou strike, whom wilt thou establish in the wealth? Establish us, O Indra, in the wealth of being.

यत्when/that which
यत्:
सम्बन्ध/विशेषण (यद्-तद् सम्बन्धः)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
उदीरतthey rose up / were set in motion
उदीरत:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-ईर् (धातु)
आजयःbattles, contests
आजयः:
कर्तृ (उदीरत इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootआ-जय (प्रātipadika; ‘battle, contest’)
धृष्णवेfor the bold one
धृष्णवे:
सम्प्रदान
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootधृष्णु (प्रātipadika; ‘bold, daring’)
धीयतेis set/aimed (is directed)
धीयते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootधा (धातु; ‘to place, set’; Vedic: ‘to be set/put, be directed’)
धनाःprizes, spoils, wealth
धनाः:
कर्तृ (धीयते इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootधन (प्रātipadika)
युक्ष्वyoke!
युक्ष्व:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootयुज् (धातु)
मदच्युताthe two that pour forth exhilaration
मदच्युता:
कर्म (युक्ष्व इत्यस्य)
TypeAdjective
Rootमद-च्युत (कृदन्त/समास; ‘intoxication-shedding/causing to flow’)
हरीthe two bay steeds (of Indra)
हरी:
कर्म (युक्ष्व इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootहरि (प्रātipadika)
कम्whom? / what?
कम्:
कर्म (हनः इत्यस्य)
TypeInterrogative pronoun
Rootक (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
हनःdo you strike/kill?
हनः:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
कम्whom? / what?
कम्:
कर्म (दधः इत्यस्य)
TypeInterrogative pronoun
Rootक (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
वसौin wealth / in a good (possession)
वसौ:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootवसु (प्रātipadika)
दधःdo you place/bestow?
दधः:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootधा (धातु; ‘to place, put’)
अस्मान्us
अस्मान्:
कर्म (दधः इत्यस्य)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootइन्द्र (प्रātipadika)
वसौin wealth
वसौ:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootवसु (प्रātipadika)
दधःplace/bestow
दधः:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootधा (धातु)

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