Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 75, Shloka 9

अयोध्याकाण्डे पञ्चसप्ततितमः सर्गः

Sarga 75: Bharata and Kausalya—Reproach, Oaths, and Reconciliation

Devanagari script

तत श्शत्रुघ्नभरतौ कौसल्यां प्रेक्ष्य दुःखितौ।पर्यष्वजेतां दुःखार्तां पतितां नष्टचेतसाम्।।।।रुदन्तौ रुदतीं दुःखात्समेत्यार्यां मनस्स्विनीम्।

Transliteration

tataḥ śatrughnabharatau kausalyāṃ prekṣya duḥkhitau | paryaṣvajetāṃ duḥkhārtāṃ patitāṃ naṣṭacetasām || rudantau rudatīṃ duḥkhāt sametya āryāṃ manassvinīm |

Translation

ແລ້ວ ສັດຣຸຄນະ ແລະ ພະຣະຕະ ເມື່ອເຫັນ ພຣະນາງ ເກົາສັລຍາ ກໍເສົ້າໂສກຢ່າງຫນັກ; ນາງຖືກທຸກຂ໌ບີບຄັ້ນ ລົ້ມລົງ ແລະ ເກືອບສິ້ນສະຕິ. ທັງສອງເຂົ້າໄປຫາ ສະຕຣີຜູ້ຄວນເຄົາລົບ ຜູ້ມີໃຈສູງນັ້ນ; ນາງຮ້ອງໄຫ້ດ້ວຍຄວາມເຈັບປວດ ພວກເຂົາກໍຮ້ອງໄຫ້ຕາມ ແລ້ວກອດນາງໄວ້

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, कालवाचक (temporal adverb)

• śatrughna-bharatau: Satrughna and Bharata
• śatrughna-bharatau: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śatrughna+bharata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; द्वन्द्व-समास (copulative)

• kausalyām: Kausalya
• kausalyām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kausalyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• prekṣya: having seen
• prekṣya: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: pra-√īkṣ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive), अव्यय; ‘having seen’

• duḥkhitau: sorrowful
• duḥkhitau: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: duḥkhita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; विशेषण (of the two)

• paryaṣvajetām: they two embraced
• paryaṣvajetām: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pari-√svaj (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), प्रथम-पुरुष, द्विवचन; परस्मैपद

• duḥkha-ārtām: afflicted with grief
• duḥkha-ārtām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: duḥkha-ārta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण

• patitām: fallen down
• patitām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: patita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण

• naṣṭa-cetasām: with lost consciousness
• naṣṭa-cetasām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: naṣṭa+cetas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण; (नष्टचेतस् = मूर्च्छित/विह्वलचित्त)

• rudantau: weeping (both)
• rudantau: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √rud (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; विशेषण (of the two)

• rudatīm: weeping (her)
• rudatīm: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √rud (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण

• duḥkhāt: from grief
• duḥkhāt: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: duḥkha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (Ablative), एकवचन; हेत्वर्थ (cause)

• sametya: having approached
• sametya: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sam-√i (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive), अव्यय; ‘having approached/come together’

• āryām: venerable
• āryām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: āryā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण

• manassvinīm: noble-hearted
• manassvinīm: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: manasvinī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण

Context

O dear child, fortunately your mind is unswerved from righteousness. You being truthful to your promise shall attain the world of virtuous men along with Lakshmana.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Śatrughna
• Kausalyā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as karuṇā (compassion) and sevā (support): the brothers respond to an elder’s suffering with presence, shared grief, and respectful consolation.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata and Śatrughna reach Kausalyā, find her overwhelmed by sorrow, and embrace her in consolation.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Filial reverence and empathy: Bharata and Śatrughna honor Kausalyā as āryā and respond with compassionate action.