Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 75, Shloka 53

अयोध्याकाण्डे पञ्चसप्ततितमः सर्गः

Sarga 75: Bharata and Kausalya—Reproach, Oaths, and Reconciliation

Devanagari script

सधर्मदारान्परित्यज्य परदारान्निषेवताम्।त्यक्तधर्मरतिर्मूढो यस्यार्योऽनुमते गतः।।।।

Transliteration

sa-dharma-dārān parityajya para-dārān niṣevatām | tyakta-dharma-ratir mūḍho yasya āryo 'numate gataḥ ||

Translation

ຂໍໃຫ້ຜູ້ນັ້ນ—ຜູ້ທີ່ໂດຍຄຳອະນຸມັດຂອງເຂົາ ພີ່ນ້ອງຜູ້ສູງສົ່ງຂອງຂ້າຖືກເນລະເທດ—ຈົ່ງໄດ້ຮັບບາບດັ່ງຄົນຫຼົງຜິດ ຜູ້ລະທິ້ງພັນລະຍາຜູ້ເປັນຄູ່ຮ່ວມທຳມະ ແລ້ວໄປເສບພັນລະຍາຂອງຜູ້ອື່ນ ຫຼັງຈາກລະທິ້ງຄວາມຊອບທຳແລ້ວ

Word by Word

• सधर्मदारान्: one's lawful wives
• सधर्मदारान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स-धर्म + दार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• परित्यज्य: having abandoned
• परित्यज्य: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि-त्यज् (धातु) + ल्यप् (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त्वान्त/ल्यपन्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), क्रियाविशेषण; पूर्वक्रिया

• परदारान्: others' wives
• परदारान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर + दार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• निषेवताम्: let him/they resort to
• निषेवताम्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-सेव् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष, बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद

• त्यक्तधर्मरतिः: one who has abandoned delight in dharma
• त्यक्तधर्मरतिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्यक्त (गम्/त्यज्-क्त कृदन्त as adjective) + धर्म + रति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि-समास (यस्य धर्मरति: त्यक्ता); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणवत् (mūḍhaḥ)

• मूढः: a fool
• मूढः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मूढ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• यस्य: whose
• यस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• आर्यः: the noble one
• आर्यः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अनुमते: with consent
• अनुमते: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनुमति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• गतः: has gone/was exiled
• गतः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Context

May the one who counselled the exile of my esteemed brother acquire the sin in the same way a foolish person who abandons righteous conduct and forsakes his rightfully married wife and resorts to other man's wife acquires!

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Rama (ārya)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Respect for marital fidelity and the boundaries of others’ households is a cornerstone of dharma; violating it is portrayed as a hallmark of delusion and moral collapse.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata continues a chain of condemnations, invoking a widely recognized moral transgression (pursuing others’ spouses) as a measure of the exile’s injustice.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharata’s adherence to social and familial dharma, and his intolerance for conduct that undermines trust and order.