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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 67, Shloka 17

अयोध्यायां शोक-रात्रिः तथा अराजक-राष्ट्रस्य नीतिविचारः

The Night of Lamentation in Ayodhya and the Political Ethics of a Kingless Realm

नाराजके जनपदे उद्यानानि समागताः।सायाह्ने क्रीडितुं यान्ति कुमार्यो हेमभूषिताः।।।।

nārājake janapade udyānāni samāgatāḥ | sāyāhne krīḍituṃ yānti kumāryo hemabhūṣitāḥ ||

ໃນແຜ່ນດິນທີ່ບໍ່ມີພະຣາຊາ ສາວນ້ອຍຜູ້ປະດັບເຄື່ອງທອງ—ແມ່ນແຕ່ມາຊຸມກັນແລ້ວ—ຍາມແລງກໍບໍ່ໄປສວນອຸທຍານເພື່ອຫຼິ້ນແລະຊື່ນບານ

nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय
arājakein a kingless (state)
arājake:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Roota-rājaka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
janapadein the country
janapade:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootjanapada (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
udyānānito the gardens
udyānāni:
Karma (कर्म; destination as object)
TypeNoun
Rootudyāna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
samāgatāḥhaving gathered
samāgatāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; apposition)
TypeAdjective
Rootsam-ā-gata (प्रातिपदिक; सम् + आ + √gam (धातु) से क्त)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त; कुमार्यः इति विशेष्येण सह
sāyāhnein the evening
sāyāhne:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/time)
TypeNoun
Rootsāya-āhna (प्रातिपदिक; साय + अह्न)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (सायं-अह्नि = evening time)
krīḍitumto play
krīḍitum:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/purpose)
TypeVerb
Root√krīḍ (धातु)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय-भावः (infinitive of purpose)
yāntigo
yānti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√yā (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
kumāryaḥmaidens
kumāryaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkumārī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
hemabhūṣitāḥadorned with gold
hemabhūṣitāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; apposition)
TypeAdjective
Roothema-bhūṣita (प्रातिपदिक; हेम + भूषित)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (हेमेन भूषिताः)

In a country without a king, pleasure-seeking men will not drive in the woods on swift-moving chariots with women.

U
udyāna (garden)

FAQs

A dharmic ruler provides security enabling ordinary life—especially the safe movement of vulnerable members of society—without fear.

The speakers illustrate social insecurity under anarchy: even routine evening recreation in public gardens becomes impossible.

Protectiveness (rakṣā) as a royal virtue—good rule is measured by the safety of everyday citizens.