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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 63, Shloka 51

दशरथस्य शोकानुचिन्तनं शब्धवेधि-दोषस्मरणं च

Daśaratha’s grief, karmic reflection, and the remembered ‘śabdavedhī’ misdeed

ताम्यमानस्स मां कृच्छ्रादुवाच परमार्तवत्।सीदमानो विवृत्ताङ्गो वेष्टमानो गतः क्षयम्।।2.63.51।।

tāmyamānaḥ sa māṃ kṛcchrād uvāca paramārtavat | sīdamāno vivṛttāṅgo veṣṭamāno gataḥ kṣayam || 2.63.51 ||

ເຂົາຖືກທຸກຂ໌ທຳລາຍ ແລະກຳລັງຈົມລົງສູ່ຄວາມຕາຍ—ອວັຍວະບິດງໍ ດິ້ນທຸກທ້ອນ—ແລ້ວເວົ້າກັບຂ້າດ້ວຍຄວາມອາດູນຢ່າງຫນັກ ດ້ວຍຄວາມລຳບາກຍິ່ງ।

tāmyamānaḥbeing tormented/fainting
tāmyamānaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Roottam (धातु)
Formवर्तमानकृदन्त (शानच्), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन
māmme
mām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया-एकवचन
kṛcchrātwith difficulty
kṛcchrāt:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootkṛcchra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-एकवचन (ablative used adverbially)
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
paramārtavatlike one in extreme anguish
paramārtavat:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootparama-ārta-vat (प्रातिपदिक)
Formवत्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययीभाववत् क्रियाविशेषण (in the manner of one extremely distressed)
sīdamānaḥsinking/collapsing
sīdamānaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootsad (धातु)
Formवर्तमानकृदन्त (शानच्), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन
vivṛtta-aṅgaḥwith twisted limbs
vivṛtta-aṅgaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvi-vṛtta-aṅga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि: विवृत्तानि अङ्गानि यस्य सः
veṣṭamānaḥwrithing
veṣṭamānaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootveṣṭ (धातु)
Formवर्तमानकृदन्त (शानच्), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन
gataḥhaving reached
gataḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootgam (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन
kṣayamdestruction/end
kṣayam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkṣaya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन

Suffering from excruciating pain, sinking with his limbs twisting and writhing and plunging into death and destruction, with intense agony he uttered the following words with great difficulty:

FAQs

The verse foregrounds the moral weight of violence and its consequences: suffering arises when a grievous harm has occurred, even if unintended—preparing the ground for the dharmic reflection on accountability.

Daśaratha recalls the wounded ascetic youth, struck by an arrow, writhing on the brink of death, speaking with difficulty.

Truthful witnessing (satya) and remorse: Daśaratha reports the scene plainly, without minimizing the horror of what happened.