Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 50, Shloka 37

गङ्गादर्शनम् तथा गुहसमागमः

Vision of the Gaṅgā and Meeting with Guha

Devanagari script

ततो गुणवदन्नाद्यमुपादाय पृथग्विधम्।।2.50.37।।अर्घ्यं चोपानयत्क्षिप्रं वाक्यं चेदमुवाच ह।

Transliteration

tato guṇavad annādyam upādāya pṛthagvidham | arghyaṃ copānayat kṣipraṃ vākyaṃ cedam uvāca ha || 2.50.37 ||

Translation

ແລ້ວລາວນຳອາຫານອັນປະນີດຫຼາຍຢ່າງມາຈັດແຍກໄວ້ ແລະໄດ້ນຳອັຣຄະຍະ (ເຄື່ອງບູຊາຕ້ອນຮັບ) ມາຖວາຍໂດຍໄວ ພ້ອມກ່າວຖ້ອຍຄຳນີ້។

Word by Word

• tataḥ: thereafter
• tataḥ: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (Avyaya), temporal adverb (कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण)

• guṇavat: of good quality
• guṇavat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: guṇavat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: विशेषण (Adjective), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; agrees with annādyam

• annādyam: rice and other eatables
• annādyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anna-ādya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; समासः द्वन्द्व (anna + ādya = food and other eatables)

• upādāya: having taken
• upādāya: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: upa-√dā (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्यय (Gerund/Absolutive), ‘having taken/brought’

• pṛthagvidham: of various kinds
• pṛthagvidham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pṛthagvidha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; समासः तत्पुरुष (pṛthak + vidha = of various kinds)

• arghyam: arghya-offering (honorary water/drink)
• arghyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: arghya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• upānayat: he brought/placed near
• upānayat: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: upa-√nī (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect/past), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

• kṣipram: quickly
• kṣipram: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kṣipra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (Avyaya), manner adverb (रीतिवाचक क्रियाविशेषण)

• vākyam: words/speech
• vākyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vākya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• idam: this
• idam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (Pronoun) used adjectivally; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; qualifies vākyam

• uvāca: he said
• uvāca: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vac (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

• ha: indeed/also
• ha: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ha (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), emphasis/quotative

Context

Thereafter he quickly brought rice and various kinds of tasty food and drink as welcome offerings and said to him:

Characters & Entities

• Guha
• Rama
• Arghya (welcome offering)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Respectful hospitality as dharma: offering arghya and good food signifies honoring the guest as worthy of reverence.

What is the narrative situation?

Guha prepares and presents welcome offerings for Rama and Lakshmana.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Guha’s promptness and sincerity in service.